Before one examines the parts of a whole, it is invariably useful to acquaint oneself with the entirety of that which one proposes to discuss by basic units: such information further illuminates the character of both the gen-erality being examined (in this case, The New Testament, in its hypothetical entirety) and that of the enveloping entity (Christianity), which both served to generate it, and serves to continue to generate controversy about it.

The 538 books whose titles lie before you--and whose remains, in whole or in part, have survived the destruction of the antique world (the Graeco-Roman socio/political state, in which, for the greatest part, these books were originally written)--represent an attempt by the speakers of some 50 different languages to define the nature of the earliest Christian experiences; the importance to them of the Founder of the religion, its leading personalities and contingent celebrities; and the relationship of the individual Christian to all of these, and to the corporate visible nature of Christian worship and confession--the Christian Church--which emerged and evolved quite soon after the crucifixion (c.33AD) of Jesus the Christ.

[It should be emphasized at once that we are here talking about nothing less than an all-embracing historical and literary evaluation about the text of the book considered sacred to the faith of slightly more than one third of the world's people (or 1,927,953,000 souls out of 5,716,425,000). This figure comes from the United Nations (World Population Prospects: The 1994 Revision, New York, 1995, 298). The precise figure is 33.7% and is meant to embrace followers of Jesus the Christ affiliated to churches (church members, including children, making up 1,791,227,000 of this total), plus persons professing Christianity by census or poll, though not church-goers as such. Five broad groups may be distinguished: 968,025,000 Roman Catholics, 395,867,000 Protestants; 217,948,000 Orthodox; 275,583,000 Other Christians (Non-Roman Catholics, marginal Protestants, crypto-Christians, and adherents of African, Asian, Black, and Latin American indigenous churches); and 70,530,000 Anglicans.]

[According to the same compilation, adherents of the four other monotheisms active in the world were represented as follows: 1,099,634,000 Muslims, 19,161,000 Sikhs, 14,117,000 Jews, and 6,104,000 Bahais; for a total of 3,066,969,000 adherents of monotheism, or 53.5% of the population of the world. In contrast, some 841,549,000 people considered themselves Non-religious, a group including people professing no religion, nonbelievers, agnostics, freethinkers, and dereligionized secularists indifferent to all religion (14.7% of the total); and 219,925,000 people stated that they were Atheists--persons professing atheism, skepticism, disbelief, and the irreligious, including the antireligious, i.e. those opposed to all religion (3.8% of the total).]

[Of the remaining 28% of the world, 13.7% (780,547,000) were Hindus; 5.7% (323,894,000) were Buddhists; 4% (230,391,000) were adherents of some form of Chinese Folk Religion (Confucianism, Taoism, Chinese Buddhism, universism, divination, local deities or the worship of ancestors); and 2.1% (121,297,000) were so-called New-religionists (i.e., followers of Asian 20^th-century New Religions, New Religious movements, radical new crisis religions, and non-Christian syncretistic mass religions, all founded since 1800, and most since 1945).]

[In the United States, 85.3% (224,457,000) professed some form of Christianity; 8.7% (22,928,000) classified themselves as Non-religious; 2.3% (6,500,000) said they were Muslims; 1.9% (5,602,000) said they were Jews; and some 870,000 people (0.3%) said they were Atheists.]

It should also be emphasized that the existence of an hypothetical New Testament greater than 27 books is a fact, independent in its own right, irrespective of individual prejudice as to the number of books to be considered as acceptable testimony for the truths of Jesus' claims; irrespective of the claims of His followers; irrespective of the claims of the enemies of Christendom. The creation of a New Testament of 538 titles is a fact however one conceives of that social or corporate entity known as The Church; the collective beliefs of entities spawned by it; or any of the numerous confessions of faith adhered to by any of its parts. The possibility that a New Testament of only 27 titles is an insufficient witness to the entirety of the glory and majesty of Jesus the Christ and His teachings is a fact irrespective of the attacks made upon Christianity by unbelievers, just as much as it is a fact in spite of the opinions of the most vigilant and vigorous of Christian defenders. It is a fact no matter how long or short the extant literary remains--and this varies from a few words to some 200 pages of modern printed text; or whatever their literary form (gospel, acta, letter, apocalypse, poem, or dogmatic treatise); or whether or not the entire work or merely a portion thereof is to be considered of Divine inspiration. And it is a fact even insofar as it can be demonstrated that any of its constituent parts may occupy, within the shared community of religious ideas, even the slightest verbal or conceptual parallel in thought to any or all of the infinite number of human philosophical complexities that have helped to deliver mankind from the terrors and insecurities of this miserable material existence since the dawn of Time itself.

Vacuums may be assumed--a writer may deliberately cut himself off from the sound or material invasion of his culture--but his mental baggage is another matter. Excepting the rarity of the truly unique idea, every written text --indeed, every spoken text--presupposes some form of written or spoken tradition already in existence, and upon which it is designed to act in some way. This is what we do as individuals: with our spoken and written presence, we seek to modify the cultural environment previously erected by other individuals to suit our own unique ideas about what that environment (in this case, the literary/religious environment) should contain.

For, indeed, it really matters nothing, after all, whether one group of men believe a particular work holy, and another group believe the same work unholy, provided activity undertaken in that work's name is generous, loving and compassionate in its execution. The author, for example, personally believes that the purest literary form of the Christian message consists of the (very brief) remains of the book known as Q (item 91 in the Table of Contents below): but what of that? The truth about belief is that it is always by definition at bottom individual-istic, and probably fundamentally the product of a personal, mystical union between God and the individual, over which no other individual really has (or should attempt to have) any control at all. In any event, before confronting this most basic question, it only makes common sense for the individual--particularly the Christian individual--to consider what it is exactly that we are dealing with (in the Christian understanding of belief) when we consider what is meant by The New Testament: and it is to a solution of this question that we may now turn.

There exist in the world today the remains of at least 538 written works, the contents of which, in whole or in part, point to their having at one time in their lives been considered sacred scripture to human beings who called themselves at least in part adherents of Christianity; or which, irrespective of their religious point of origin, con-tain elements of a sacred nature which are in definite verbal or conceptual parallel with recognizably Christian belief.

Among the latter are included eleven works culled from the manuscript deposit known as The Dead Sea Scrolls. These manuscripts were written in an intellectual climate of associations and ideals held by people who believed themselves indisputably non-Christian--here, Jewish--but whose religious mind-set is nevertheless alleged by six authorities of international reputation (on whom see under I, below) to hold verbal or conceptual thought parallels to some 3,800 separate instances held by scholars to lie within any of the 27 books of the Received New Testament (by which title is meant throughout this volume to refer to The New Testament as its length is com-monly understood to be, a specific 27 books.

Among the latter are included thirty-four works gathered from the manuscript deposit known as the Nag Hammadi Gnostic-Christian Library. They were written in an intellectual climate of associations and ideals held by people who believed no less fervently in God and individual salvation than their Orthodox-Christian brothers --and whose religious mind-set is alleged by five authorities of international reputation (on whom see under II, below), to hold verbal or conceptual thought parallels to some 5,800 separate instances held to lie within any of the 27 books of the Received New Testament.

Among the latter is even included one tractate taken from the deposit known to scholars as The Hermetica--a document from popular Greek eclectic Hellenism of the 1^st-2^nd century AD, in which scholarship has discovered verbal or conceptual thought parallels with John, Ephesians, Revelation, II Clement, and Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 654 (to mention five works treated in this catalogue); and perhaps many other such parallels as well might be discovered by those willing to peruse the matter to a greater fullness (for it is scarcely the business of even this considerable exploration to reach anything more than an approximation of the total number of possible entries held to be extant between any literary type, and that embraced by the concept of The New Testament.

The present universal set of titles, therefore, which could be incorporated into the literary concept known as The New Testament may include at least 538 works divided into 43 separate subsets contained in 13 general categories, all of which were written or revised (except for the first eleven items) by people whose concept of Christianity ran the gamut from those who were completely Orthodox in their approach, to those who embraced Christianity as only one of a number of philosophical alternatives competing for their attention, but found by them in some manner attractive, and so incorporated into an inevitably individualized eclectic belief structure. Within their 43 separate subsets, these 538 titles are sorted out by proper name; and where possible into gospels, acta, letters, apocalypses, and important additional materials. They are discussed as

1. The Manual of Discipline

2. The Book of Hymns

3. The Zadokite Document

4. The War of the Sons of Light and the Sons of Darkness

5. Supplication

6. The Hymn of the Initiates

7. The New Covenant

8. The Commentary on Habakkuk

9. The Wondrous Child

10. The Manual of the Future Congregation of Israel

11. The Coming Doom

12. Poimandres

13. Trimorphic Protennoia

14. The Hypostasis of the Archons

15. The Concept of Our Great Power

16. The Christian Sibyllines

17. The Gospel of Eve

18. The Aramaic Life of Adam and Eve

19. The Greek Life of Adam and Eve

20. The Latin Vita Adae et Evae

21. The Greek Testament of Adam

22. The Syriac Testament of Adam

23. The Arabic Testament of Adam

24. The Syriac Book of the Cave of Treasures

25. The Armenian Book of Adam

26. The Book of Adam, after Harnack

27. The Ethiopic Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan

28. The Arabic Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan

29. The Slavonic Adam-Book

30. The Georgian Adam-Book

31. The Coptic Apocalypse of Adam

32. The Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs

33. The First Book of Enoch

34. The Second Book of Enoch

35. The Apocalypse of Abraham

36. The Testament of Abraham

37. The Slavonic Tale of the Just Man, Abraham

38. Melchizedek

39. The Testament of Isaac

40. The Testament of Jacob

41. The Romance of Joseph and Asenath

42. The Testament of Job

43. The Testament of Solomon

44. The Apocryphon of Solomon, after Harnack

45. The Odes of Solomon

46. The Oracle of the Potter

47. The Greek Apocalypse of Elijah

48. The Coptic Apocalypse of Elijah

49. The Ascension of Isaiah

50. The Apocalypse of Zephaniah

51. The Anonymous Apocalypse, after Steindorff

52. The Paraleipomena of Jeremiah

53. The Life of Jeremiah, after Torrey

54. The Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch

55. The Greek Apocalypse of Baruch

56. The Ethiopic Apocalypse of Baruch

57. The Apocryphon of Ezekiel

58. The Revelation of the Prophet Daniel

59. The Seventh Vision of Daniel

60. The First Apocalypse of Daniel

61. The Second Apocalypse of Daniel

62. The Third Apocalypse of Daniel

63. The Fourth Apocalypse of Daniel

64. The Fifth Apocalypse of Daniel

65. The Apocalypse of Sedrach

66. The Fourth Book of Ezra

67. The Greek Apocalypse of Ezra

68. The Latin Visio Beati Esdrae

69. The Syriac Revelation of Ezra

70. The Armenian Questions of Ezra

71. The Apocalypse of Zachariah

72. The Gospel of the Ebionites

73. The Gospel of the Hebrews

74. The Gospel of the Nazarenes

75. The Gospel of the Egyptians

76. The AJ-II Source

77. The Life of John the Baptist, after Serapion of Thumis

78. The Life of John the Baptist, after Mark the Evangelist

79. The Life of John the Baptist, after Manuscript Sachau 329

80. An Ecomium on John the Baptist, after John Chrysostom.

81. The Testimonies of Josephus

82. Signs and Wonders at the Persian Court Upon the Birth of Jesus.

83. The Gospel of the Boyhood of Our Lord, Jesus

84. The Boy in the Tower

85. The Unknown Infancy Gospel in the Arundel and Hereford Manuscripts

86. The Infancy Gospel of Matthew

87. The Infancy Gospel of James

88. The Infancy Gospel of Thomas

89. The Armenian Infancy Gospel

90. The Arabic Infancy Gospel

91. Q

92. The Priesthood of Jesus

93. A Teaching of Jesus Concerning the Hebrew Prophets

94. The Books of the Savior

95. The Revelation of Aheramentho

96. The Miracles of Jesus

97. The Wisdom of Jesus Christ

98. The Gospel of Gamaliel

99. The Descent of Christ Into Hell

100. The Dispute of the Devil with Christ

101. A Coptic Fragment of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ, after Schmidt.

102. The Dialogue of the Redeemer

103. The Avenging of the Savior, after Cura Sanitatis Tiberii

104. The Avenging of the Savior, after Mors Pilati

105. The Avenging of the Savior, after Vindicta Salvatoris

106. The Story of Joseph of Arimathaea

107. Isolated Sayings of Jesus Christ

108. The Letter of Abgar V to Jesus Christ

109. The Letter of Jesus Christ to Abgar V

110. The Letter of Jesus Christ to the Apostles

111. The Testamentum Domini Apocalypse

112. The Three Steles of Seth

113. The Second Treatise of the Great Seth

114. A Latin Apocalyptic Fragment, after Robinson

115. The Apocalyptic Fragments of the Received New Testament

116. The Questions of John to Jesus About the Last Things

117. The Didache Apocalypse

118. The Revelation of Jesus to the Apostles Concerning Abbaton, the Angel of Death.

119. The Naassene Psalm

120. The Christ, after Cynewulf of Northumbria

121. The Dream of the Rood, after Cynewulf of Northumbria

122. Elene, after Cynewulf of Northumbria

123. The Genna Marias

124. The Gospel of the Birth of Mary

125. Stories About the Birth of Mary, after Evodius of Antioch, Cyril of Jerusalem, Demetrius of Antioch, Epiphanius of Salamis, and Cyril of Alexandria

126. Stories About the Death and Assumption of Mary, after Melito of Sardis, Joseph of Arimathaea, John the Apostle, John of Thessalonica, Theodosius of Alexandria, Evodius of Rome, Modestus of Jerusalem, James of Serug, and James of Birta

127. The Departure of My Lady, Mary, from This World

128. The History of the Blessed Virgin Mary

129. The Obsequies of the Holy Virgin

130. The Simplest (Syriac) Form of the Assumption

131. A Coptic Fragment of the Assumption, after Revillout

132. The Letter of Mary to the Messinaeans

133. The Letter of Mary to the Florentines

134. The Greek Apocalypse of Mary, the Mother of Jesus

135. The Latin Apocalypse of Mary, the Mother of Jesus

136. The Ethiopic Apocalypse of Mary, the Mother of Jesus

137. The Coptic Vision of Theophilus.

138. The History of Joseph the Carpenter

139. A Possible Joseph Apocryphon in the Infancy Gospel of James.

140. The Questions of James

141. The Apocryphon Jacobi

142. The Fragments of a Life of James, after Revillout

143. The Gospel of James the Elder, after Santos

144. The Secret Teaching of James, the brother of Jesus, to Mariamme

145. The Ascents of James

146. The Arabic Preaching of James, the Brother of Jesus

147. The Arabic Martyrdom of James, the Brother of Jesus

148. The Ethiopic Preaching of Saint James the Just

149. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint James the Just

150. The Received Letter of James to the Exiles of the Dispersion

151. The Received Letter of Jude to Those Who Have Been Called

152. The Greek Apocalypse of James, the Brother of Jesus

153. The Syriac Apocalypse of James, the Brother of Jesus, in the Gospel of the Twelve Apostles

154. The First Coptic Apocalypse of James, the Brother of Jesus

155. The Second Coptic Apocalypse of James, the Brother of Jesus

156. The Third Coptic Apocalypse of James, the Brother of Jesus

157. The Coptic Gospel of Mary Magdalene

158. The Great Questions of Mary Magdalene

159. The Little Questions of Mary Magdalene

160. The Life of Mary Magdalene

161. The Revelation of Lazarus

162. The Gospel of the Seventy

163. The Gospel of the Twelve Apostles, after Revillout

164. The Gospel of the Twelve Apostles, after Harris

165. The Gospel of the Twelve Apostles, after the Quqaje

166. The Jewish-Christian Gospel of the Twelve Apostles

167. The Manichean Gospel of the Twelve Apostles

168. The Memoirs of the Apostles

169. The Gospel of the Four Heavenly Regions of the World

170. The Received Acts of the Apostles

171. The Ebionite Acts of the Twelve Apostles

172. The Manichean Acts of the Twelve Apostles

173. The Latin History of the Apostles, after Abdias of Babylon

174. The Coptic Tripartite Tractate

175. The Coptic On the Origin of the World

176. The Coptic Exegesis on the Soul

177. The Coptic Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth

178. The Coptic Testimony of Truth

179. The Coptic Marsanes

180. The Coptic Interpretation of Knowledge

181. The Arabic Acts of the Apostles

182. The Ethiopic Contending of the Apostles

183. The Received Letter of the First Council of Jerusalem

184. The Letter of the Apostles to the Christians of the World

185. The Revelation of Stephen the Deacon

186. The Fate of the Apostles, after Cynewulf of Northumbria

187. The Preaching of Peter

188. The Teaching of Peter

189. The Doctrine of Peter

190. The Circuits of Peter

191. The Preaching of Simon Cephas in the City of Rome

192. The Journeys of Peter

193. The Gospel of Peter

194. Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 840

195. The Acts of Peter

196. The Latin Martyrium Beati Petri Apostoli, after Linus of Rome

197. The Syriac History of Simon Cephas, the Chief of the Apostles

198. The Coptic Act of Peter

199. The First Slavonic Life of Peter

200. The Second Slavonic Life of Peter

201. The Third Slavonic Life of Peter

202. The Slavic Vita Petri

203. The Arabic Preaching of Peter

204. The Arabic Martyrdom of Peter

205. The Ethiopic Acts of Saint Peter

206. The Ethiopic History of Saint Peter

207. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Peter

208. The Ukrainian Life of Peter

209. A Doctrine of Peter

210. The Coptic Acts of Peter and the Twelve Apostles

211. The Greek Acts of Peter and Paul

212. The Greek Passio Apostolorum Petri et Pauli

213. The Latin Passio Apostolorum Petri et Pauli

214. The Latin Martyrdom of Peter and Paul, after Hegisippus of Palestine.

215. The Arabic Story of Peter and Paul

216. The Arabic Martyrdom of Peter and Paul

217. The Ethiopic Acts of Peter and Paul

218. A Preaching of Peter and Paul

219. The Greek Acts of Peter and Andrew

220. The Greek Martyrium Colbertinum of Ignatius of Antioch

221. The Greek Martyrium Vaticanum of Ignatius of Antioch

222. The Latin Martyrdom of Ignatius of Antioch

223. The Greek Martyrdom of Ignatius of Antioch, after Simeon Metaphrastes

224. The Armenian Martyrdom of Ignatius of Antioch

225. The Greek Martyrdom of Polycarp

226. The Received Letter of Peter to the Exiles of the Dispersion

227. The Received Letter of Peter to Those Who Have Obtained a Faith of Understanding Equal to That of Christianity.

228. The Letter of Peter to Philip

229. The Letter of Peter to James

230. A Fragment of a Letter of Peter

231. The Letter of Ignatius to the Ephesians

232. The Letter of Ignatius to the Philadelphians

233. The Letter of Ignatius to the Magnesians

234. The Letter of Ignatius to the Smyrnaeans

235. The Letter of Ignatius to the Antiochenes

236. The Letter of Ignatius to the Philippians

237. The Letter of Ignatius to the Trallians

238. The Letter of Ignatius to the Tarsians

239. The Letter of Ignatius to the Romans

240. The Letter of Ignatius to Hero

241. The Prayer of Hero

242. The Letter of Ignatius to Polycarp

243. The Letter of Polycarp to the Philippians

244. Fragments of Various Letters of Polycarp

245. The Letter of Ignatius to Mary, the Mother of Jesus

246. The Letter of Mary, the Mother of Jesus, to Ignatius

247. The First Letter of Ignatius to John

248. The Second Letter of Ignatius to John

249. The Letter of Mary of Cassobelae to Ignatius

250. The Letter of Ignatius to Mary of Cassobelae

251. A Fragment of a Letter of Ignatius

252. The Greek Apocalypse of Peter

253. The Unknown Latin Apocalypse in the Vision of Adamnan

254. The Syriac Revelation of Peter in the Gospel of the Twelve Apostles

255. The Coptic Apocalypse of Peter

256. The Arabic Apocalypse of Peter

257. The Ethiopic Apocalypse of Peter

258. The Acts of Paul

259. The Greek Preaching of Paul

260. The Latin Praedicatio Pauli

261. The Latin Martyrium Beati Pauli Apostoli, after Linus of Rome.

262. The Syriac History of the Holy Apostle Paul

263. The Slavonic Wanderings of the Apostle Paul Through the Countries

264. The Coptic Prayer of the Apostle Paul

265. The Arabic Praedicatio Apostoli Pauli Electi

266. The Arabic Martyrdom of the Blessed Paul

267. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Paul

268. The Ethiopic History of the Contending of Saint Paul

269. The Greek Acts of Clement

270. The Greek Homilies of Clement

271. The Greek Recognitions of Clement

272. The Greek Acts of Paul and Thecla

273. The Greek Acts of Ananias

274. The Greek Acts of Aquila

275. The Greek Acts of Timothy

276. The Greek Acts of Titus, after Zenas

277. The Greek Acts of Xanthippe, Polyxena and Rebecca

278. The Greek Acts of Zenais and Philonilla

279. The Coptic Teachings of Silvanus

280. The Received Letter of Paul to the Romans

281. The Received Letter of Paul to the Galatians

282. The Received Letter of Paul to the Ephesians

283. The Received Letter of Paul and Timothy to the Philippians

284. The Received Letter of Paul and Timothy to the Colossians

285. The Letter of Paul to the Colossians

286. The First Received Letter of Paul, Silvanus and Timothy to the Thessalonians.

287. The Second Received Letter of Paul, Silvanus and Timothy to the Thessalonians

288. The Received Letter of Paul and Sosthenes to the Corinthians

289. The Received Letter of Paul and Timothy to the Corinthians

290. The Letter of the Corinthians to Paul

291. The Letter of Paul to the Corinthians

292. The Letter of Paul to the Macedonians

293. The Letter of Paul to the Alexandrians

294. The Letter of Paul to the Laodiceans

295. The Received Letter of (Paul? Barnabas? Apollos? Silvanus? Aquila? Priscilla?) to Certain Christian Coverts from Judaism

296. The First Received Letter of Paul to Timothy

297. The Second Received Letter of Paul to Timothy

298. The Received Letter of Paul to Titus

299. The Letter of Titus to His Fellow Celibates

300. The Letters of Paul to Seneca and Seneca to Paul (a-l)

301. The Letters of Paul to Seneca and Seneca to Paul (m-n)

302. The Received Letter of Paul and Timothy to Philemon

303. The Letter of Dionysius the Areopagite to Timothy

304. The Letter of His Father to Rheginos

305. The Letter of Pelagia

306. The First Letter of Clement to the Corinthians

307. The Second Letter of Clement to the Corinthians

308. The First Letter of Clement on Virginity

309. The Second Letter of Clement on Virginity

310. The Letter of Appion to Clement

311. The Letter of Clement to Appion

312. The Letter of Clement to James

313. The Greek Apocalypse of Paul

314. The Coptic Apocalypse of Paul

315. The Latin Apocalypse of Saint Paul

316. The Shepherd of Hermas

317. The Received Gospel of John

318. The Repose of Saint John the Evangelist and Apostle

319. Fragments of a Dialogue Between John and Jesus

320. A Fragment of an Unknown Gospel with Johannine Elements

321. The Coptic Gospel of the Egyptians

322. The Book of John the Evangelist

323. The Apocryphon of John

324. A Gospel Fragment From the Strasbourg Coptic Papyrus

325. The Acts of John

326. The Greek Acts of John, after Prochorus the Deacon

327. The Preaching of John

328. The Latin Virtutes Joannis, after Abdias of Babylon

329. The Latin Passio Joannis, after Mellitus of Laodicea

330. The Latin Liber Sancta Joannis

331. The Syriac History of John, after Eusebius of Caesarea

332. The Syriac Decease of Saint John

333. The Greek Decease of Saint John

334. The Coptic Martyrdom of John

335. The Arabic Story of John, the Son of Zebedee

336. The Arabic Travels of John, the Son of Zebedee

337. The Arabic Death of John, the Son of Zebedee

338. The Arabic Death of Saint John

339. The Ethiopic Preaching of Saint John the Evangelist

340. The Ethiopic History of the Death of Saint John the Evangelist

341. The Received Letter of John to an Unspecified Number of His Fellow Christians

342. The Received Letter of John to an Unspecified Church in Asia Minor

343. The Received Letter of John to Gaius

344. A Fragment of a Letter of John

345. The Received Apocalypse of John

346. The Greek Apocalypse of John the Theologian

347. The Syriac Revelation of John in the Gospel of the Twelve Apostles

348. The Coptic Apocalypse of John

349. The Audian Revelation of John

350. The Apocalypse of John, after Nau

351. The Mysteries of Saint John the Apostle and Holy Virgin

352. The Egyptian Gospel of Thomas

353. Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1, 654, 655

354. Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1224

355. The Fayuum Fragment

356. Lost Material in Sanskrit About Thomas the Apostle

357. The Acts of Thomas

358. The Syriac Acts of Thomas

359. The Armenian Acts of Thomas

360. The Arabic Acts of Thomas

361. The Arabic Martyrdom of Thomas

362. The Greek Acts of Thomas, after James

363. The Greek Consummation of Thomas

364. The Latin Martyrdom of Thomas, after Abdias of Babylon

365. The Latin Martyrdom of Thomas, after Gregory of Tours

366. The Ethiopic Acts of Saint Thomas in India

367. The Ethiopic Preaching of Saint Thomas in India

368. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Thomas in India

369. The Apocalypse of Thomas

370. The Book of Thomas the Contender

371. The Saltair Na Rann

372. The Fifteen Signs of the Last Days

373. The Acts of Andrew

374. The Greek Martyrium Andreae Prius

375. The Greek Martyrium Sancti Apostoli Andreae

376. The Greek Martyrium Andreae Alterum

377. The Greek Vita Andreae, after Epiphanius of Salamis

378. The Greek Vita Andreae Apostoli cum Laudatione Contexta

379. The Greek Codex Vaticanus Graecae 808

380. The Coptic Acts of Andrew

381. The Latin Passio Sancti Andreae Apostoli

382. The Greek Passio Sancti Andreae Apostoli

383. The Latin Martyrdom of Andrew, after Abdias of Babylon

384. The Latin Liber de Miraculis Beati Andreae Apostoli, after Gregory of Tours.

385. The Arabic Martyrdom of Saint Andrew

386. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Andrew in Scythia

387. The Arabic Acts of Andrew and Bartholomew

388. The Ethiopic Acts of Saints Andrew and Bartholomew Among the Parthians

389. The Arabic Acts of Andrew and Philemon in Scythia

390. The Ethiopic Preaching of Andrew and Philemon Among the Kurds

391. The Greek Acts of Andrew and Matthias

392. The Syriac Martyrdom of Matthew and Andrew

393. The Ethiopic Acts of Andrew and Matthias

394. The Coptic Acts of Andrew and Paul

395. Andreas, after Cynewulf of Northumbria

396. The Gospel of Philip

397. A Fragment of an Unknown Gospel with Philippine Elements

398. The Acts of Philip

399. The Greek Journeyings of Philip the Apostle

400. The Greek Acts of Philip in Hellas

401. The Greek Translatio Philippi

402. The Latin Passio Philippi

403. The Evangelium of Philip

404. The Syriac Acts of Philip

405. The Coptic Acts of Philip

406. The Armenian Acts of Philip

407. The Arabic Preaching of Philip

408. The Ethiopic Preaching of Saint Philip and Saint Peter

409. The Arabic Martyrdom of Philip

410. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Philip in Phrygia

411. The Irish Martyrdom of Philip

412. The Greek Acts of Hermione

413. The Martyrdom of Julitta and Quiricus

414. The Irish Apocalypse of Philip

415. The Gospel of Bartholomew

416. The Questions of Bartholomew

417. The Book of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ by Bartholomew the Apostle

418. The Life of Saint Bartholomew, after the Ethiopian Synaxarion

419. The Greek Martyrdom of Bartholomew

420. The Latin Martyrdom of Bartholomew

421. The Coptic Preaching of Bartholomew

422. The Armenian Martyrdom of Bartholomew

423. The Arabic Preaching of Bartholomew

424. The Arabic Martyrdom of Bartholomew

425. The Ethiopic Preaching of Saint Bartholomew in the Oasis

426. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Bartholomew in Naidas

427. The Received Gospel of Matthew

428. The Greek Martyrdom of Matthew

429. The Latin Martyrdom of Matthew

430. The Coptic Acts and Martyrdom of Matthew

431. The Arabic Martyrdom of Matthew

432. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Matthew in Parthia

433. The Latin Passio Sancti Matthaei

434. The Arabic Acts of Matthew

435. The Ethiopic Acts of Saint Matthew in the City of Kahenat.

436. The Arabic Martyrdom of James, the Brother of Matthew

437. The Gospel of Matthias

438. The Traditions of Matthias

439. The Greek Preaching of Matthias

440. The Syriac Preaching of Matthias

441. The Arabic Preaching of Saint Matthias

442. The Ethiopic Preaching of Saint Matthias

443. The Ethiopic Preaching of Saint Matthias in the City of the Cannibals

444. The Arabic Martyrdom of Saint Matthias

445. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Matthias

446. The Latin Gesta Matthiae

447. The Greek Acts of Thaddaeus

448. The Syriac Doctrine of Addaeus the Apostle

449. The Armenian Acts of Thaddaeus

450. The Latin Acta Thaddaei, after Abdias of Babylon

451. The Arabic Preaching of Thaddaeus

452. The Ethiopic Preaching of Judas Thaddaeus in Syria

453. The Greek Acts of Sharbil

454. The Syriac Acts of Sharbil

455. The Syriac Martyrdom of Barsumya

456. The Armenian Martyrdom of Barsumya

457. The Greek Acts of James, the Son of Zebedee

458. The Greek Acts of James the Great

459. The Latin Acts of James the Great

460. The Coptic Acts and Death of James the Great

461. The Armenian Acts and Death of James the Great

462. The Arabic Acts of James, the Son of Zebedee

463. The Ethiopic Acts of Saint James in India

464. The Arabic Martyrdom of James, the Son of Zebedee

465. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint James

466. The Received Gospel of Mark

467. The Variant Gospel of Mark in the Koreidethi Codex

468. The Secret Gospel of Mark

469. Papyrus Gospel Fragment A, after James

470. The Greek Acts of Mark

471. The Latin Acts of Mark

472. The Arabic Martyrdom of Mark

473. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Mark the Evangelist in Alexandria

474. The Coptic Preaching of Simon, the Son of Cleopas

475. The Arabic Preaching of Simon, the Son of Cleopas

476. The Ethiopic Preaching of Simon, the Son of Cleopas

477. The Arabic Martyrdom of Simon, the Son of Cleopas

478. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Simon, the Son of Cleopas

479. The Latin Acts of Simon and Jude

480. The Gospel of James, the Son of Alphaeus

481. The Coptic Acts and Martyrdom of James the Less

482. The Armenian Acts and Martyrdom of James the Less

483. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint James, the Son of Alphaeus

484. The Revelation of James, the Son of Alphaeus

485. The Greek Acts of Barnabas

486. The Latin Acts of Barnabas

487. The Greek Life of Auxibius of Soli

488. The Greek Life of Heraclides of Tamasus

489. The Letter of Barnabas to His Sons and Daughters

490. The Received Gospel of Luke

491. The Coptic Acts of Luke

492. The Arabic Martyrdom of Saint Luke

493. The Ethiopic Martyrdom of Saint Luke

494. The Latin Gospel of Truth, associated with Valentinus

495. The Coptic Gospel of Truth, associated with Valentinus

496. The Letter of Ptolemy to Flora

497. A Coptic Valentinian Exposition

498. The Gospel of Judas Iscariot

499. The Martyrdom of Judas Iscariot

500. The Gospel of Apelles

501. The Manifestations of Philumene

502. The Gospel of Bardesanes

503. The Gospel of Basilides

504. The Gospel of Cerinthus

505. The Gospel of Hesychius

506. The Gospel of Lucianus

507. The Gospel of Mani

508. The Gospel of Marcion

509. The Gospel of Perfection, associated with Nicolas

510. The Book of Elchasai

511. The Letter from an Unknown Person to Diognetus.

512. The Prophecy of the Montanists

513. The Greek Acts of Pilate

514. The Latin Acts of Pilate

515. The Coptic Acts of Pilate

516. The Syriac Acts of Pilate

517. The Armenian Acts of Pilate

518. The Anglo-Saxon Acts of Pilate

519. The Greek Acts of Cornelius

520. The Greek Acts of Nereus and Achielleus

521. The Latin Acts of Nereus and Achielleus

522. The Greek Martyrium Sancti Longini Centurionis, after Hesychius of Jerusalem

523. The Greek Martyrium Sancti et Glorioso Martyris, after Simeon of Constantinople

524. The Arabic Martyrdom of Longinus

525. The Letter of Pilate to Tiberius I

526. The Report of Pilate to Tiberius I

527. The Letter of Tiberius I to Pilate

528. The First Letter of Abgar V to Tiberius I

529. The Second Letter of Abgar V to Tiberius I

530. The Third Letter of Abgar V to Tiberius I

531. The Letter of Tiberius I to Abgar V

532. The Letter of Pilate to Herod

533. The Letter of Herod to Pilate

534. The Letter of Pilate to Claudius I.

535. The Letter of Lentulus to the Senate of the Roman People

536. Papyrus Cairensis 10735

537. Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 210

538. Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1384

SUBSET I: I.e., works written in an intellectual climate of associations and ideals held by people who believed themselves indisputably non-Christian, but whose religious mind-set is nevertheless alleged by six authorities of international reputation to parallel in some 3,800 verbal or conceptual instances with various allegedly Christian ideas scattered throughout the 27 books of the Received New Testament.

SUBSET II: Poimandres, Protennoia, the Archons, the Sibyllines; and, in the opinion of the author of item 15 of the Table of Contents, the Gnostic-Christian author and his fellow enthusiasts.

SUBSETS III-XIII: It should always be kept in mind that even though the 55 works in this section bear Jewish names, and though many were originally written by Jews, (1) this was not true of all of them, and (2) the versions of all of them that are now before us are thought by critical, scholarly opinion to have been, at some stage in their documentary career, wholly or partially Christianized—and are therefore thought to contain verbal or conceptual parallels with the works of the Received New Testament. This is perhaps their greatest value now to the Christianized individual; as in the same way could be those passages in the Received Old Testament (e.g., in Isaiah) which are said to `prefigure' the Messianic Age.

ITEMS 26, 44, 51, 53, 77-80, 101, 103-105, 114, 120-122, 125-126, 131, 142-143, 163-165, 173, 186, 196, 214, 223, 261, 276, 328-329, 331, 350, 364-365, 377, 383-384, 395, 418, 450, and 522-523: The word after in the title means after the version preserved by an ancient or modern named individual, group, or document.

ITEMS 76, 85, 91, 125-126, 139, 244, 300-301, 324, 356, and elsewhere: These represent some of the deliberately intruded title forms, where titles were either unknown or in some way obscure. Where desirable, attempts have been made to preserve traditional titles hallowed by scholarly or popular use; but (as with the traditional titles of the texts of the Received New Testament) it was sometimes felt more advantageous to sacrifice customary usage for descriptive clarity.

ITEM 52: Paraleipomena means things omitted from.

ITEMS 60-64: My source (Patrides, C.A. and Wittreich, J., The Apocalypse in English Renaissance Thought and Literature: Patterns, Antecedents and Repercussions, Ithaca, 1984) does not give the names of these five works concerned with Daniel, but simply says that they do exist.

ITEMS 134-136, 146-147, 152-156, 245-246, 249-250, 335-337, 436, 457, 462-463, 474-478, 480, 483-484, and elsewhere: Throughout the matrix of the title structure used in this table of contents, there has been an attempt to clarify the identity of authors who happen to bear the same name as one or another of the various dramatis personae of the Received New Testament: thus the James', Simons', Marys' and Johns' etc., are further identified by clan or marriage.

ITEMS 51, 76, 85, 91, 114-115, 117, 119, 121-122, 137, 169, 174-180, 183, 194, 253, 353-355, 371-372, 379, 469, 523, and elsewhere: In some cases, the title of a work does not identify its place in this organizational scheme, but the works have nevertheless been correctly located on the basis of their content.

ITEMS 220-225, 231-251, 269-279, 309-316, 412-413, 453-456, 487-488, 501, and elsewhere: The preoccu-pation of this study with the universality of its mission has resulted in the classification, with the principal author of a subset, his immediate dependents. Except for Stephen the Deacon (who is perhaps more rightly adjudged to have performed his services for the apostles as a whole) and Mary Magdalene and Lazarus (who are perhaps more appropriately thought of as in personal connection with the Messiah), these subsidiary figures are all either immediate disciples of the individual apostles under whose name they are gathered; or, very occasionally, they appear as immediate disciples of those disciples. The following chains of relationship have been sketched out: PETER: Ignatius, Polycarp, Hero, Mary of Cassobelae; PAUL: Clement, Thecla, Ananias, Aquila, Timothy, Titus, Xanthippe, Polyxena, Rebecca, Zenas, Zenais, Philonilla, Silvanus, Sosthenes, Apollos, Priscilla, Seneca, Philemon, Dionysius, Rheginos, Pelagia; JOHN: Gaius; ANDREW: Philemon; PHILIP: Hermione, Julitta, Quiricus; MATTHEW: James; THADDAEUS: Sharbil, Barsuma; BARNABAS: Auxibius, Heraclides; APEL-LES: Philumene; VALENTINUS: Ptolemy, Flora.

ITEMS 211-219, 228-230, 387-394, 411, 479: Of interest also are a handful of instances in which apostles are paired together in their reported activities.

RECEIVED: The word Received is used to demarcate the 27 books handed down as authentic Scripture by the most ancient representatives of Orthodox Christianity. The word has been found to be of particular value when combined with the titles of those works whose words have been greatly changed to more accurately reflect their contents.

MEASURE OF EFFICIENCY: Such is the efficiency of this organizational scheme that only 3 out of 538 titles have not yet been able to critically find a place under subsets 1-43 of the 13 general headings.

The 538 titles under 43 subsets may also be collected into the following 13 general divisions:

Before considering the texts themselves, there is one further bit of editorial comment which must be announced to a candid world.

In January of 1997, when it came time to decide upon the format in which to print this book, it was discovered that VOLKSWRITER (the name of the program under which the text was originally typed) was no longer a suitable method in which to electronically transmit information; but at the same time, a thorough-going conversion to a more modern language was thought by the General Editor to be, for various economic, technical and temporal reasons, quite beyond his personal abilities. It was clear, however, that if he wished to distribute directly and conveniently the results of 17 years of research to a world-wide audience by the use of electronic means, a way in which to circumvent these obstacles would have to be found; and with the timely assistance of certain undergraduate students attending the State University of New York at Geneseo, the book stands before you in the most up-to-date manner possible, consistent with such restraints of time, talent and expense which necessarily burden all existence.

Every attempt has been made to present the at times extremely complicated arguments discussed in this book in as clear and as straightforward a manner as possible; and to further facilitate this end, a minimal use of italics, bold-facing of text, underscoring, and reproduced quotation set in quotation marks has been adopted throughout. The use of italics has been largely confined to quotations from holy books; the use of underscoring almost entirely to citations in the professional literature; the use of bold-facing of text to headings and sub-headings; and the use of quotation marks to short quotations as opposed to lengthy dissertations.

It is most important to emphasize this matter of quotations. Almost all the material in this book has been written by its contributors. The relatively few occasions in which the editor felt constrained to insert his opinion into the proceedings are very carefully identified with the letter (H) usually placed in brackets. Thus it may be from time to time that the reader, proceeding through his task of perusal and integrative association, may be led by this editorial technique to the conclusion that Horace H. Bradley, and not his contributors, is responsible for the matrix of facts, assertions and conclusions which form the vast body of the text, and without which, of course, no compilation would ever be possible. The compiler is responsible for the arrangement of the text; but the content of the material is in most cases literally the product of the bibliographic indications at the end of each entry (in solid brackets: [] :).

Do not be misled. The compiler is not trying to pass off as his own information that which he has not been responsible for originally setting out in print. At the same time, because (a) it is his responsibility to offer as clear a presentation of the material as possible to an audience in large part absolutely unfamiliar with either the terminologies or scholarship involved; (b) because, being a compilation, this creative literary process necessarily involves the close combination of (at times) dozens of pieces of information culled from a variety of sources and compressed into the short space of a single paragraph (which, if displayed in its traditional manner--i.e., printed out as a string of entries separated by quotation marks and accompanying accreditation’s--would create a text extremely tedious if not impossible to read); and (c) because the compiler knows himself to be a person of integrity: as he says, for all these reasons, he has contented himself with square-bracketed reference lines at the end of every compiled article, keyed to the bibliography at the end of the book, to enable those who wish to undertake a check of his professionalism, to turn to the indicated bibliographies by volume and page number, that they may assess the accuracy of his borrowing, the efficacies of his judgment in his selections, and the truthfulness of his combinations.

This text deliberately bulges with bibliographic entries at every turn. Something on the order of 500 ancient authorities are made reference to within its body, together with some 1500 modern (since 1500AD) authors. Had it been the intent of the Editor\Compiler to misrepresent anyone, for any purpose, he has taken precious little care to conceal the crime--the potential exposure to which he has in fact deliberately made crystal clear. But then, his intention is to produce, for each of these 538 separate entries, primary information units in the English language which may be combined by present users or future generations with whatever new discoveries may be made in the field of New-Testament-Form-Literature; or whatever relevant information might in the future be translated into English from ancient or modern languages otherwise unintelligible to the native English speaker. His own integrity in this process he automatically assumes; for it is his claim that he has combined his authorities without prejudice for or against scholarly opinion on any subject; the purpose being to create 538 super-biographical entries, that the reader may be presented with the largest amount of up-to-date information that it would be possible for him to acquire if, like the Editor\Compiler, he finds himself restricted to the consumption of literary efforts within his native language.

This book has been prepared with the people as a whole in mind, as a handy guide to the wealth of information it encompasses. It does not pretend to be an effort of scholarship, but of compilation; for its compiler has a mastery neither of languages foreign to his own, nor of the specialist literary science known as Religious Form Criticism --both absolutely necessary tools of scholarship operating in this field of human endeavor. If he has any business in this area at all, it lies in his abilities to organize the conclusions and postulates of others as a testimony to the following meaningful coherency: (1) that the nature of what we now mean by The New Testament is far more complicated than perhaps anyone had ever anticipated; (2) that scholarship particularly in the field of religion must be shared with as wide an audience as possible, given the fact that all men contemplate the nature of religion, often with love, but almost always with illiteracy; (3) that the field did not until now possess as simple and direct an organizational framework for this knowledge as the table of contents to this work; (4) that a plan something along these lines was necessary in order to make the results of scholarship in this field intelligible to the great masses of English-speaking people throughout the known world; and (5) that the time for such a task was if anything overdue, given (a) the demonstrable political power of religious ignorance, and (b) the fact that nothing of such a supremely comprehensive nature had ever been undertaken primarily for an American audience in a field whose continuous critical scholarship (see below) goes back to at least 1474 (and in a few individual cases, even earlier than that).

Agnes Smith Lewis appends to her volume of Arabic legends (The Mythological Acts of The Apostles, Cam-bridge, 1904, xliv-xlvi) a bibliography of sixty-one items concerning the field of New Testament Apocrypha, from the 16^th to the very beginnings of the 20^th century. The following is its contents:

(1) The Legendarium of B. Mombertius, Milan, 1474. (2,3) The Abdiae Babyloniae Primus de Historia Certami-nis Apostolici published in Paris in 1560 from materials gathered earlier by Friedrich Nausea (Cologne, 1531) and Wolfgang Lazius (Basel, 1551). (4) The Vitae Sanctorum of Aloys Lipomannus, Rome, 1551-1560. Eight volumes. (5) Catechesis Martini Lutheri Parva Graeco-Latina of Michael Neander, Basle, 1567. (6) The Vitae Sanctorum of Laurentius Surius. Cologne, 1569 sqq. Six volumes. (7) The Annalles Ecclesiastici of Cardinal Caesar Baronius. 1609-1613, 1617-1670. Twelve volumes. (8) The Acta Sanctorum of the Bollandists. From 1643. Sixty volumes. (9) The Martyrologium Nieronymianum of Florentini, Lucca, 1688. (10) Memoires de l'Histoire Ecclesiastique Des Six Premiers Siecles of Tillemont, in three editions: Paris (1693-1712) 16 volumes; Brussels (1694-1730) 10 volumes; and Paris (1701-1730) 10 volumes. (11) De Rebus Gestis et Vitis Apostolor-um by Joachim Perionius. (12) Dissertatio de Pseudepigraphis Christi, Virginis Mariae et Apostolorum by Thomas Ittig, Leipzig, 1696. (13) Pseudo-Novum Testamentum Exhibens Pseudo-Evanbgelia, Acts, Epistolas, Apocalypses by Chuedenius, Helmstadt, 1699. (14) Spicilegium Patrum of Johann Ernst Grabe, Oxford, 1700. Two volumes. (15) Historia Saeculi Primi Fabulis Variorum Maculata of Weddercamp, Helmstadt, 1700. (16) Codex Apocryphus Novi Testamenti of Fabricius, Hamburg, 1703, 1719. (17) Histoire Critique de Manichee et du Manicheisme of Beausobre, Amsterdam, 1734. (18) Aegyptiorum Codicum Reliquiae Venetiis in Bibliotheca Naniana Asservatae, of Mingarelli, Bologna, 1785. (19) A New and Full Method of Settling the Canonical Authority of the New Testament of Jeremiah Jones, London, 1722, 1798. (20) Die Apokryphen des Neuen Testa-mentes of Kleuker, Munster, 1798. (21) Auctarium Codicis Apocryphi Fabriciani of Andreas Birch, Copenhagen, 1804. (22) Catalogue Codicum Copticorum in Museo Borgiano of George Zoega, Rome, 1810. Volume III, pp 229 sqq. (23) Acta Thomas of Johann Karl Thilo, Leipzig, 1823. (24) Acta Petri et Pauli of Johann Karl Thilo, Halle, 1837-1838. (25) Andreas und Elene of Jacob Grimm, Cassel, 1840. (26) Die Apokryphischen Evangelien und Apostelgeschichten of Borberg, Stuttgart, 1841. (27) Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha of Constantin Tischendorf, Leipzig, 1851. (28) Die Kirchliche Legende Uber die Heiligen Apostel of Franz Otto Stichart, Leipzig, 1861. (29) Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles of William Wright, London, 1871. Two volumes. (30) The Conflicts of the Holy Apostles of S. C. Malan, London, 1871. (31) Die Quellen der Romischen Petrussage of Lipsius, Kiel, 1872. (32) Die Simon-Sage of Lipsius, Leipzig, 1874. (33) Vita et Martyrium S. Bartholomaei of Mosinger, Innsbruck, 1877. (34) Ecclesiae Ephensinae de Obitu Ioannis Apostoli Narratio of Joseph Catargian, Vienna, 1877. (35) Acta Timothei of Usener, Bonn, 1877. (36) `Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles’ in Smith and Wace's Dictionary of Christian Biography, London, 1877. (37) Apocryphen des Neuen Testaments by Rudolf Hofmann in Heerzog's Real-Encyclopadie. (38) Acta Ioannis of Archimandrite Amphilochius, Moscow, 1879. (39) Acta Ioannis of Theodore Zahn, Erlangen, 1880. (40) Denkmaler der Apokryphischen Literatur of Tichonrawow. Old Slavonic. (41) Zeitschrift fur Kirchengeschichte of Bonwetsch, 1882, pp 506sqq. (42) Die Apokryphen Apostelgeschichten of Richard Adelbert Lipsius, Brunswick, 1883-1890. Three volumes. (43) `Die Konigsnamen' in Den Apokryphen Apostelgeschichten. Rheinisches Museum fur Philologie, N. F. xix. pp. 161-183; 380-401 of Alfred von Gutschmid. (44) Gli Atti Apocrifi Degli Apostoli nei Testi Copti, Arabi ed Etiopici. Giornale della Societa Asiatica Italiana II, Rome, 1888. Frammenti Copti. (45) Melanges Asiatiques X, 110ff and 148ff, in the Bulletin de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences XXXIII, 354ff and XXXV, 294ff, Petersburg, 1890-1892. (46) Koptische Apocryphe Apostelacten I and II in the Bulletin de l'Academie Imperale des Sciences XXXIII (1890) 509-581; XXXV (1892), 233-326. (47) Apokryphe Koptische Apostelgeschichten und Legenden by Carl Schmidt in Harnack's Geschichte der Altchristlichen Litteratur I, Leipzig, 1893, 919-922. (48) Apocrypha Anecdota by Dr. Montague Rhodes-James in Texts and Studies II.v, Cambridge, 1893, 1897. (49) Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha of Richard Adelbert Lipsius and Maximilian Bonnet, Leipzig, 1891-1903. Two volumes. (50) Studia Sinaitica V, in which Margaret Dunlop Gibson, London, 1896. (51) Studia Sinaitica VIII, in which Margaret Dunlop Gibson, London, 1901. (52) Lives and Legends of the Evangelists, Apostles, and Other Early Saints of A. Bell, London, 1901. (53) The Contendings of the Apostles of E. Wallis Budge, London, 1901. Ethiopic text with an English translation. Two volumes. (54) Les Actes de S. Jacques et les Actes d'Aquilas of Jean Ebersolt, Paris, 1902. (55) Die Petrus-und Paulusacten in der Litterarischen Ueberlieferung der Syrischen Kirche of Anton Baumstark in Leipzig, 1902. (56) Simon Magus of A. C. Headlam, in Hasting's Bible Dictionary IV, 519-527, Edinburgh, 1902. (57) The Dioscuri in Christian Literature of J. Rendel Harris, London, 1903. (58) Die Alten Petrusakten im Zusammenhang der Apokryphen Apostelliteratur. Texte und Untersuchun-gen XXIV of Carl Schmidt, Leipzig, 1903. (59) Acta Pauli, aus der Heidelberger Koptischen Papyrus-Handschrift Nr I, of Carl Schmidt, Leipzig, 1904. (60) Die Petrusakten of G. Ficker, Leipzig, 1903. (61) `Swei Hymnen der Thomasakten' in Zeitschrift fur die Neutestamentliche Wissenschaft of G. Hoffman, Giessen, 1903. Volume II.

The working bibliography--i.e., the sources which physically contained the information used in the compilation of this particular book--are listed below. They are presented in two versions: first, alphabetically by anagramatic identification; and second, alphabetically by author. Except in the case of multiple-volume encyclopedic works (where only the primary editor or publisher is listed) every effort has been made to credit multiple authors. Every effort has also been made to expand the titles proper to include their sub-titles. Titles in languages other than English have been simplified.

1. AAA … Wright, W., Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, Amsterdam, 1968.

2. ACH … Achelis, H., in Gebhart & Harnack, Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Altchristlichen Literatur XI, Hit. 2, Leipzig, 1893.

3. ALL … Allen, A. J. C., The Acts of the Apostles: Edited, with Notes and Explanations, New York, 1893.

4. ALM … Hoffman, M. S., The World Almanac and Book of Facts: 1989, New York, 1988.

5. ANE … Robinson, F., Texts and Studies--Contributions to Biblical and Patristic Literature: Apocrypha Anec-dota, A Collection of thirteen Apocryphal Books and Fragments, Cambridge, 1893.

6. ANF … Coxe, A. C., The Anti-Nicene Christian Library, New York, 1891. [Principally this edition, and at first of it only volume VIII: Apocrypha of the New Testament.]

7. ANG … Davidson, G., A Dictionary of Angels Including the Fallen Angels, New York, 1967.

8. ANT … James, M. R., The Apocryphal New Testament, Oxford, 1924.

9. AOT … Sparis, H., The Apocryphal Old Testament, Oxford, 1984.

10. AOW … McEvedy, C. and Jones, R., Atlas of World Population History, Bungay, 1978.

11. APA … Goppelt, L., Apostolic and Post-Apostolic Times, Grand Rapids, 1980.

12. ARM … Peeters, P., Evangiles Apocryphes: l’Evangile de l’Enfance: Redactions Syriaque, Arabe, et Armen-iennes, Traduites et Annotees, Paris, 1914.

13. ASM … Talbot, C. H., The Anglo-Saxon Missionaries in Germany, New York, 1954.

14. BDS … Holweck, F. G., A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints, St. Louis, 1924.

15. BEN … Benedictine Monks of St. Augustine’s Abbey at Ramsgate, The Book of Saints: A Dictionary of Servants of God Cannonised by the Catholic church, Extracted from the Roman and Other Martyrologies, London, 1921.

16. BET … Russell, D. S., Between the Testaments, London, 1960.

17. BIB … Sims, A. E. and Dent, G., Who’s Who in the Bible, London, 1960.

18. BOR … Boswell, C. S., An Irish Precursor of Dante: A Study on the Version of Heaven and Hell Ascribed to the Eighth-Century Irish Saint Adamnan with Translation of the Irish Text, London, 1908.

19. BRO … Brooks, K. R., Andreas and the Fates of the Apostles, Oxford, 1961.

20. CAT … Herbermann, C. G., The Catholic Encyclopaedia: An International Work of Reference on the Consti-tution, Doctrine, Discipline and History of the Catholic Church, New York, 1907.

21. CAG … Robinson, F., Texts and Studies--Contributions to Biblical and Patristic Literature: Coptic Apocry-phal Gospels, Cambridge, 1896.

22. CHA … Carey, E. F., The Channel Islands, London, 1904.

23. COA … Budge, E. A. W., The Contendings of the Apostles II: The English Translation, London, 1901.

24. Collins, J. J., The Apocalyptic Imagination: An Introduction to the Jewish Matrix of Christianity, New York, 1987.

25. COO … Cook, A. S., The Old English Elene, Phoenix, and Physiologus, New Haven, 1919.

26. COP … Budge, E. A. W., Coptic Apocrypha in the Dialect of Upper Egypt, London, 1913.

27. COU … Coulson, J., The Saints: A Concise Biographical Dictionary, Briston, 1957.

28. CYC … McClintock, J. and Strong, J., Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, New York, 1969.

29. CYP … Purcell, H. D., Cyprus, London, 1969.

30. DAN … Danielou, J., A History of Early Christian Doctrine Before the Council of Nicaea I: The Theology of Jewish-Christianity, Philadelphia, 1978.

31. DCA … Smith, W. and Cheetham, S., A Dictionary of Christian Antiquities, London, 1880.

32. DCB … Smith, W. and Wace, H., A Dictionary of Christian Biography, Literature, Sects and Doctrines Dur-ing the First Eight Centuries, London, 1882.

33. DCG … Hastings, J., Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels, New York, 19908.

34. DCT … Richardson, A. and Bowden, J., A Dictionary of Christian Theology, Philadelphia, 1969.

35. DEW … de Waard, J., A Comparative Study of the Old Testament Text in the Dead Sea Scrolls and in the New Testament, Grand Rapids, 1966.

36. DID … Dickens, B. and Ross, A. S. C., The Dream of the Rood, London, 1963.

37. DIL … Dillon, J. M., The Middle Platonists: 80BC-220AD, Ithaca, 1977.

38. DOB … Hastings, J. and Selbie, J. A., A Dictionary of the Bible Dealing with its Languages, Literature and Contents Including the Biblical Theology, Edinburgh, 1898.

39. DOR … Doresse, J., The Secret Books of the Egyptian Gnostics, New York, 1960.

40. DOW … Downey, R. M., A History of Antioch in Syria from Seleucus to the Arab Conquest, Princeton, 1961.

41. DRG … Werbeck, W., Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Tubingen, 1959.

42. DSS … Gaster, T. H., The Dead Sea Scriptures, Garden City, 1976.

43. DUR … Durant, W. and Durant, A., The Story of Civilization, New York, 1954.

44. DUS … Dupont-Sommer, A., The Essene Writings from Qumran, Gloucester, 1973.

45. EBC … Segal, J. B., Edessa the Blessed City, Oxford, 1970.

46. ECC … Davies, J. G., The Early Christian Church: A History of its First Five Centuries, Grand Rapids, 1983.

47. ECW … Staniforth, M., Early Christian Writings: The Apostolic Fathers, Harmondsworth, 1976.

48. ENB … Cheyne, T. K. and Black, J. S., Encyclopaedia Biblica, A Critical Dictionary of the Literary, Political and Religious History, the Archaeology, Geography and Natural History, of the Bible, London, 1902.

49. ENC … Preece, W. E., Encyclopaedia Britannica, Chicago, 1966.

50. ENJ … Roth, C., Encyclopaedia Judaica, Jerusalem, 1972.

51. EOR … Eliade, M., The Encyclopedia of Religion, New York, 1987.

52. EVS … Bunge, F. M., Cyprus: A Country Study, Washingon, 1980.

53. FAB … Fabricius, J. A., Condex Apocryphus Novi Testamenti, Hamburg, 1703, 1719.

54. FOD … Dannhorn, R., Fodor’s India and Nepal: 1982, New York, 1982.

55. FNT … Bradley, H. H., Fragments of the New Testament, Bryn Mawr, 1990.

56. GIB … Gibbon, E., The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, New York, 1978.

57. GLD … Downey, R. M., Ancient Antioch, Princeton, 1963.

58. GNO … Foerster, W. and Wilson, R. McL., Gnosis, A Selection of Gnostic texts I: Patristic Evidence, Oxford, 1972.

59. GOO … Goodspeed, E. J., The Apostolic Fathers, New York, 1950.

60. GRA … Grant, R. M., The Apostolic Fathers: A New Translation and Commentary, New York, 1964.

61. HLC … Schoeps, H. J., Jewish-Christianity: Factional Disputes in the Early Church, Philadelophia, 1969.

62. INT … Buttrick, G. A., The Interpreter’s Dictionary Of The Bible: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, Nashville, 1962.

63. IOM … Kinvig, R. H., The Isle of Man: A Social, Cultural and Political History, Liverpool, 1975.

64. JAA … Philonenko, M., Joseph et Asenath: Introduction, Texte, Critique, Traduction et Notes, Leiden, 1968.

65. JEN … Singer, I., The Jewish Encyclopedia, London, 1909.

66. JHC … Charlesworth, J. H., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha I: Apocalyptic Literature and Testaments, New York, 1983.

67. JON … de Jonge, M., Outside the Old Testament, Cambridge, 1985.

68. JOS … Whiston, W., The Complete Works of Flavius Josephus, London, 1860.

69. JSL … Wright, W., ‘The Departure of My Lady Mary From This world’ in Journal of Sacred Literature, London, 1895.

70. JTS … James, M. R., ‘Irish Apocrypha’ in Journal of Theological Studies XX, Oxford, 1918.

71. KEE … Kee, H. C., The Origins of Christianity: Sources and Documents, Englewood Cliffs, 1973.

72. KEN … Kennedy, C. W., The Poems of Cynewulf, London, 1910.

73. KNI … Coggins, R. J. and Knibb, M. A., The First and Second Books of Esdras, Cambridge, 1979.

74. LAB … de Labriolle, P., The History and Literature of Christianity from Tertullian to Boethius, New York, 1968.

75. LAS … la Sor, F., The Dead Sea Scrolls and the New Testament, Grand Rapids, 1972.

76. LEW … Springer, O., Lagenscheidts Enzyklopadisches Worterbuch II, Berlin, 1975.

77. LIG … Lightfoot, J. B., The Apostolic Fathers, London, 1885.

78. LIV … Edmunds, A. J., Jerome’s Lives of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, Philadelphia, 1896.

79. LST … Budge, E. A. W., The History of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the History of the Likeness of Christ, in Luczac, Semitic Text and Translation Series V, London, 1899.

80. MAR … Marxsen, W. and Buswell, G., Introduction to the New Testament: An Approach to its Problems, Philadelphia, 1968.

81. MIP … Witt, R. E., Albinus and the History of Middle Platonism, Cambridge, 1937.

82. MPE … Frend, W. H. C., Martyrdom and Persecution in the Early Church: A Study of a Conflict from the Maccabees to Donatus, New York, 1967.

83. MRJ … James, M. R., Latin Infancy Gospels, Oxford, 1927.

84. MRS … Lewis, A. S., The Mythological Acts of the Apostles, Translated from an Arabic Manuscript in the Convent of Deyr-es-Suriani, Egypt, and from Manuscripts in the Convent of St. Catherine on Mount Sinai and in the Vatican Library; with a Translation of the Palimpsest Fragments of the Acts of Judas Thomas from Codex Sinaiticus Syriacus 30, London, 1904.

85. NAB ... Members of the Catholic Biblical Association of America, The New American Bible, Beverly Hills, 1970.

86. NAG … Robinson, J. M. and Meyer, M. W., The Nag Hammadi Library in English, Leiden, 1977.

87. NBC ... Guthrie, D., et.al., The New Bible Commentary: Revised, Carmel, 1984.

88. NCE … McDonald, W. J., New Catholic Encyclopedia, New York, 1966.

89. NDT … Komonchack, J. A., The New Dictionary of Theology, Wilmington, 1988.

90. NEB … Ebor, D., The New English Bible with the Apocrypha, New York, 1971.

91. NHE … Hebrick, C. W. and Hodgson, R., Jr., Nag Hammadi, Gnosticism & Early Christianity, Peabody, 1986.

92. NHG … Tuckett, C. M., Nag Hammadi and the Gospel Tradition: Synoptic Tradition in the Nag Hammadi Library, Edinburgh, 1986.

93. NOAB … Metzger, B. M. and Murphy, R. E., The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deu-terocanonical Books, Oxford, 1991.

94. NTA … Hennecke, E., Schneemelcher, W. and Wilson, R. McL., New Testament Apocrypha: I: Gospels and Related Writings; II: Writings Relating to the Apostles, Apocalypses and Related Subjects, Philadelphia, 1963, 1965.

95. NTB … Evans, C. A., Webb, R. L. and Wiebe, R. A., Nag Hammadi Texts and the Bible: A Synopsis and Index, Leiden, 1993.

96. NWT … International Bible Students Association, New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, Brooklyn, 1951.

97. OAB … May, H. G. and Metzger, B. M., The Oxford Annotated Bible, London, 1962.

98. ODC … Cross, F. L., The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, London, 1962.

99. ODP … Kelly, J. N. D., The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, Oxford, 1986.

100. OED … Simpson, J. A. and Weiner, E. S. C., The Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford, 1989.

101. OLD … Glare, P. G. W., Oxford Latin Dictionary, Oxford, 1968.

102. OXY … Grenfell, B. P. and Hunt, A. S., Oxyrhynchus Papyrus II, XI, New York, 1899, 1915.

103. PAG … Pagels, E., The Gnostic Gospels, New York, 1981.

104. PAM … McEvedy, C., The Penguin Atlas of Medieval History, Norwich, 1978.

105. PAT … Patrides, C. A. and Wittreich, J., The Apocalypse in English Renaissance Thought and Literature: Patterns, Antecedents and Repercussions, Ithaca, 1984.

106. PEL … Goodspeed, E. J., ‘The Epistle of Pelagia’ in American Journal of Semitic Languages and Litera-ures XX, Chicago, 1904.

107. PER … Perrin, N., The New Testament: An Introduction, Chicago, 1974.

108. PRO … Tischendorf, C., Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha, Leipzig, 1851.

109. QUI … Quispel, G., Lettre a Flora par Ptolemee, Paris, 1966.

110. REQ … Milik, J. T., Revue de Qumran, I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XV, Paris, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1964, 1966, 1969, 1971, 1975, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1988, 1992.

111. RHC … Charles, R. H., Religious Development Between the Old and New Testaments, London, 1929.

112. RJP … Peebles, R. J., The Legend of Longinus in Ecclesiastical Tradition and in English Literature and its Connection with the Grail: A Dissertation, Baltimore, 1911.

113. RMG … Grant, R. M., An Historical Introduction to the New Testament, New York, 1963.

114. ROW … Rowley, H. H., The Relevance of Apocalyptic: A Study of Jewish and Christian Apocalypses from Daniel to Revelation, New York, 1974.

115. RUS … Russell, D. S., The Method and Message of Jewish Apocalyptic, Philadelphia, 1964.

116. RWT … Thomson, R. W., History of the Armenians of Moses Khorenats’i, Cambridge, 1978.

117. SAI … Farmer, D. H., The Oxford Dictionary of Saints, Oxford, 1978.

118. SAR … Scharr, C., Critical Studies in the Cynewulf Group, London, 1949.

119. SCH … Schmithals, W., The Apocalyptic Movement: Introduction and Interpretation, Nashville, 1975.

120. SCI … Jackson, S. M., The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, New York, 1909.

121. SGM … Smith, M., The Secret Gospel: The Discovery and Interpretation of the Secret Gospel According to Mark, New York, 1973.

122. SHE … Loetscher, L. A., Twentieth Century Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Grand Rapids, 1955.

123. SOU … Souter, A., A Glossary of Later Latin to 600AD, Oxford, 1949.

124. STE … Stendahl, K., The Scrolls and the New Testament, New York, 1957.

125. TAF … Lake, K., The Apostolic Fathers II: The Shepherd of Hermas; The Martyrdom of Polycarp; The Eistle to Diognetus, London, 1959.

126. TAG … Cowper, B. H., The Apocryphal Gospels, London, 1867.

127. TAW … Caldwell, W. E. and Gyles, M. F., The Ancient World, New York, 1967.

128. TFC … Schoppe, L., The Fathers of the Church I: The Apostolic Fathers, New York, 1947.

129. TWE … Chambers, M., The Western Experience to 1715, New York, 1974.

130. USE … Usener, H., ‘Acta S. Timothei’ in Natalica Regis Augustissimi Guilelmi Imperatoris Germanie, Bonn, 1877.

131. WEB … Gove, P. B., Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged, Spring-field, 1981.

132. WRE … Wrenn, C. L., A Study of Old English Literature, London, 1967.

133. WS1, WS2, WS3 … Mingana, A., Woodbrooke Studies: Christian Documents in Syriac, Arabic and Garshuni, with Introductions by Rendel Harris, Cambridge, 1927.

134. WWW … Bowder, D., et al., Who Was Who in the Roman World: 653BC-476AD, Oxford, 1980.

135. ZZZ … Schaff, P., The Creeds of Christendom with a History and Critical Notes II: Greek and Latin Creeds, New York, 1919.

(1) Achelis, H., [text and commentary of the Acts of Archelaeus] in Gebhart & Harnack, Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Altchristlichen Literatur XI:ii, Leipzig, 1893. (2) Allen, A.J.C., The Acts of the Apostles: Edited, with Notes and Explanations, New York, 1893. (3) Baring-Gould, S., Lives of the Saints, London, 1898. (4) Benedictine Monks of St. Augustine’s Abbey at Ramsgate, The Book of Saints: A Dictionary of Servants of God Cannonised by the Catholic Church, Extracted from the Roman and Other Martyrologies, London, 1921. (5) Boswell, C.S., An Irish Precursor of Dante: A Study on the Vision of Heaven and Hell Ascribed to the Eighth-Century Irish Saint Adamnan with Translation of the Irish Text, London, 1908. (6) Bowder, D., Who Was Who in the Roman World: 653BC-476AD, Oxford, 1980. (7) Bradley, H.H., Fragments of the New Testament, Bryn Mawr, 1990. (8) Brooks, K.R., Andreas and the Fates of the Apostles, Oxford, 1961. (9) Budge, E.A.W., The Contendings of the Apostles II: The English Translation, London, 1901. (10) Budge, E.A.W., Coptic Apocrypha in the Dialect of Upper Egypt, London, 1913. (11) Budge, E.A.W., The History of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the History of the Likeness of Christ, in Luzac, Semitic Text and Translation Series V., London, 1899. (12) Bunge, F.M., Cyprus: A Country Study, Washington, 1980. (13) Buttrick, G.A., The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, Nashville, 1962. (14) Caldwell, W.E. and Gyles, M.F., The Ancient World, New York, 1967. (15) Carey, E.F., The Channel Islands, London, 1904. (16) Chambers, M., The Western Experience to 1715, New York, 1974. (17) Charles, R.H., Religious Development Between the Old and New Testaments, London, 1929. (18) Charlesworth, J.H., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha I: Apocalyptic Literature and Testaments, New York, 1983. (19) Cheyne, T.K. and Black, J.S., Encyclopaedia Biblica, A Critical Dictionary of the Literary, Political and Religious History, the Archaeology, Geography and Natural History, of the Bible, London, 1902. (20) Coggins, R.J. and Knibb, M.A., The First and Second Books of Esdras, Cambridge, 1979. (21) Collins, J.J., The Apocalyptic Imagination: An Introduction to the Jewish Matrix of Christianity, New York, 1987. (22) Cook, A.S., The Old English Elene, Phoenix, and Physiologus, New Haven, 1919. (23) Cowper, B.H., The Apocryphal Gospels, London, 1867. (24) Coxe, A.C., The Anti-Nicene Christian Library, New York, 1871. By far the edition most often used. (25) Cross, F.L., The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, London, 1962. Overwhelmingly the edition most often used. (26) Danielou, J., A History of Early Christian doctrine Before the Council of Nicaea I: The Theology of Jewish-Christianity, Philadelphia, 1978. (27) Dannhorn, R., Fodor’s India and Nepal, New York, 1982. (28) Davidson, G., A Dictionary of Angels Including the Fallen Angels, New York, 1967. (29) Davies, J.G., The Early Christian Church: A History of its First Five Centuries, Grand Rapids, 1983. (30) Dickens, B. and Ross, A.S.C., The Dream of the Rood, London, 1963. (31) Dillon, J.M., The Middle Platonists: 80BC-220AD, Ithaca, 1977. (32) Doresse, J., The Secret Book of the Egyptian Gnostics, New York, 1960. (33) Downey, R.M., Ancient Antioch, Princeton, 1963. (34) Downey, R.M., A History of Antioch in Syria from Seleucus to the Arab Conquest, Princeton, 1961. (35) Dupont-Sommer, A., The Essene Writings From Qumran, Gloucester, 1973. (36) Durant, W. and Durant, A., The Story of Civilization, New York, 1954. (37) Ebor, D., The New English Bible with the Apocrypha, New York, 1971. (38) Edmunds, A.J., Jerome’s Lives of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, Philadelphia, 1896. (39) Eliade, M., The Encyclopedia of Religion, New York, 1987. (40) Evans, C.A., Webb, R.L. and Wiebe, R.A., Nag Hammadi Texts and the Bible: A Synopsis and Index, Leiden, 1993. (41) Fabricius, J.A., Codex Apocrhyphus Novi Testamenti, Hamburg, 1703. (42) Farmer, D.H., The Oxford Dictionary of Saints, Oxford, 1978. (43) Foerster, W. and Wilson, R. McL., Gnosis, A Selection of Gnostic Texts I: Patristic Evidence, Oxford, 1972. (44) Frend, W.H.C., Martyrdom and Persecution in the Early Church: A Study of a Conflict from the Maccabees to Donatus, New York, 1967. (45) Gaster, T.H., The Dead Sea Scriptures, Garden City, 1976. (46) Gibbon, E., The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, New York, 1978. (47) Glare, P.G.W., Oxford Latin Dictionary, Oxford, 1968. (48) Goodspeed, E.J., The Apostolic Fathers, New York, 1950. (49) Goodspeed, E.J., `The Epistle of Pelagia’ in American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures XX, Chicago, 1904. (50) Goppelt, L., Apostolic and Post-Apostolic Times, Grand Rapids, 1980. (51) Gove, P.B., Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged, Springfield, 1981. (52) Grant, R.M., The Apostolic Fathers: A New Translation and Commentary, New York, 1964. (53) Grant, R.M., An Historical Introduction to the New Testament, New York, 1963. (54) Grenfell, B.P. and Hunt, A.S., Oxyrhynchus Papyrus II, XI, New York, 1899, 1915. (55) Guthrie, D., et.al., The New Bible Commentary: Revised, Carmel, 1984. (56) Hastings, J., Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels, New York, 1908. (57) Hastings, J. and Selbie, J.A., A Dictionary of the Bible Dealing with its Languages, Literature and Contents Including the Biblical Theology, Edinburg, 1898. (58) Hedrick, C.W. and Hodgson, R., Jr., Nag Hammadi, Gnosticism & Early Christianity, Peabody, 1986. (59) Hennecke, E., Schneemelcher, W. and Wilson, R. McL., New Testament Apocrypha I: Gospels and Related Writings; II: Writings Relating to the Apostles, Apocalypses and Related Subjects, Philadelphia, 1963, 1965. (60) Herbermann, C.G., The Catholic Encyclopaedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline and History of the Catholic Church, New York, 1907. (61) Hoffman, M.S., The World Almanac and Book of Facts: 1989, New York, 1988. (62) Holweck, G., A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints, St. Louis, 1924. (63) International Bible Students Association, New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, Brooklyn, 1951. (64) Jackson, S.M., The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, New York, 1909. (65) James, M.R., The Apocryphal New Testament, Oxford, 1924. (66) James, M.R., `Irish Apocrypha’ in Journal of Theological Studies XX, Oxford, 1918. (67) James, M.R., Latin Infancy Gospels, Oxford, 1927. (68) de Jonge, M., Outside the Old Testament, Cambridge, 1985. (69) Kee, H.C., The Origins of Christianity: Sources and Documents, Englewood Cliffs, 1973. (70) Kelly, J.N.D., The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, Oxford, 1986. (71) Kennedy, C.W., The Poems of Cynewulf, London, 1910. (72) Kinvig, R.H., The Isle of Man: A Social, Cultural and Political History, Liverpool, 1975. (73) Komonchack, J.A., The New Dictionary of Theology, Wilmington, 1988. (74) de Labriolle, P., The History and Literature of Christianity From Tertullian to Boethius, New York, 1968. (75) Lake, K., The Apostolic Fathers II: The Shepherd of Hermas; The Martyrdom of Polycarp; The Epistle to Diognetus, London, 1959. (76) Lewis, A.S., The Mytholotical Acts of the Apostles, Translated from an Arabic Manuscript in the Convent of Deyr-es-Suriani, Egypt, and from Manuscripts in the Convent of St. Catherine on Mount Sinai and in the Vatican Library; with a Translation of the Palimpsest Fragments of the Acts of Judas Thomas from Codex Siniaticus Syriacus 30, London, 1904. (77) Lightfoot, J.B., The Apostolic Fathers, London, 1885. (78) Loetscher, L.A., Twentieth Century Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Grand Rapids, 1955. (79) Marxsen, W. and Buswell, G., Introduction to the New Testament: An Approach to its Problems, Philadelphia, 1968. (80) May, H.G. and Metzger, B.M., The Oxford Annotated Bible, London, 1962. (81) Members of the Catholic Biblical Association of America, The New American Bible, Beverly Hills, 1970. (82) Metzger, B.M. and Murphy, R.E., The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, Oxford, 1991. (83) McClintock, J. and Strong, J., Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, New York, 1969. (84) McDonald, W.J., New Catholic Encyclopedia, New York, 1966. (85) McEvedy, C., The Penguin Atlas of Medieval History, Norwich, 1978. (86) McEvedy, C. and Jones, R., Atlas of World Population History, Bungay, 1978. (87) Milik, J.T., Revue de Qumran I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XV, Paris, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1969, 1971, 1975, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1988, 1992. (88) Mingana, A., Woodbrooke Studies: Christian Documents in Syriac, Arabic and Garshuni, with Introductions by Rendel Harris, Cambridge, 1927, 1929, 1933. (89) Pagels, E, The Gnostic Gospels, New York, 1981. (90) Patrides, C.A. and Wittreich, J., The Apocalypse in English Renaissance Thought and Literature: Patterns, Antecedents and Repercussions, Ithaca, 1984. (91) Peebles, R.J., The Legend of Longinus in Ecclesiastical Tradition and in English Literature and its Connection with the Grail: A Dissertation, Baltimore, 1911. (92) Peeters, P., Evangiles Apocryphes: l’Evangile de l’Enfance: Redactions Syriaque, Arabe, et Armeniennes, Traduites et Annotees, Paris, 1914. (93) Perrin, N., The New Testament: An Introduction, Chicago, 1974. (94) Philonenko, M., Joseph et Asenath: Introduction, Texte, Critique, Traduction et Notes, Leiden, 1968. (95) Preece, W.E., Encyclopaedia Britannica, Chicago, 1966. (96) Purcell, H.D., Cyprus, London, 1969. (97) Quispel, G., Lettre a Flora par Ptolemee, Paris, 1966. (98) Richardson, A. and Bowden, J., A Dictionary of Christian Theology, Philadelphia, 1969. (99) Robinson, F., Texts and Studies--Conributions to Biblical and Patristic Literature: Apocrypha Anecdota, A Collection of Thirteen Apocryphal Books and Fragments, Cambridge, 1893. (100) Robinson, F., Texts and Studies--Contributions to Biblical and Patristic Literature: Coptic Apocryphal Gospels, Cambridge, 1896. (101) Robinson, J.M. and Meyer, M.W., The Nag Hammadi Library in English, Leiden, 1977. (102) Roth, C., Encyclopaedia Judaica, Jerusalem, 1972. (103) Rowley, H.H., The Relevance of Apocalyptic: A Study of Jewish and Christian Apocalypses From Daniel to Revelation, New York, 1964. (104) Russell, D.S., Between the Testaments, London, 1960. (105) Russell, D.S., The Method and Message of Jewish Apocayptic, Philadelphia, 1964. (106) Schaff, P., The Creeds of Christendom with a History and Critical Notes II: Greek and Latin Creeds, New York, 1919. (107) Scharr, C., Critical Studies in the Cynewulf Group, London, 1949. (108) Schmithals, W., The Apocalyptic Movement: Introduction and Interpretation, Nashville, 1975. (109) Schoeps, H.J., Jewish-Christianity: Factional Disputes in the Early Church, Philadelphia, 1969. (110) Schopp, L., The Fathers of the Church I: The Apostolic Fathers, New York, 1947. (111) Segal, J.B., Edessa the Blessed City, Oxford, 1970. (112) Simpson, J.A. and Weiner, E.S.C., The Oxord English Dictionary, Oxford, 1989. (113) Sims, A.E. and Dent, G., Who’s Who in the Bible, London, 1960. (114) Singer, I., The Jewish Encyclopedia, London, 1909. (115) Smith, M., The Secret Gospel: The Discovery and Interpretation of the Secret Gospel According to Mark, New York, 1973. (116) Smith, W. and Cheetham, S., A Dictionary of Christian Antiquities, London, 1880. (117) Smith, W. and Wace, H., A Dictionary of Christian Biography, Literature, Sects and Doctrines During the First Eight Centuries, London, 1882. (118) la Sor, F., The Dead Sea Scrolls and The New Testament, Grand Rapids, 1972. (119) Souter, A., A Glossary of Later Latin to 600AD, Oxford, 1949. (120) Sparis, H., The Apocryphal Old Testament, Oxford, 1984. (121) Springer, O., Lagenscheidts Enzyklopadisches Worterbuch II, Berlin, 1975. (122) Staniforth, M., Early Christian Writings: The Apostolic Fathers, Harmondsworth, 1976. (123) Stendahl, K., The Scrolls and the New Testament, New York, 1957. (124) Talbot, C.H., The Anglo-Saxon Missionaries in Germany, New York, 1954. (125) Thomson, R.W., History of the Armenians of Moses Khorenats’i, Cambridge (Mass.), 1978. (126) Tischendorf, C., Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha, Leipzig, 1851. (127) Tuckett, C.M., Nag Hammadi and the Gospel Tradition: Synoptic Tradition in the Nag Hammadi Library, Edinburgh, 1986. (128) Usener, H., `Acta S. Timothei’ in Natalica Regis Augustissimi Guilelmi Imperatoris Germanie, Bonn, 1877. (129) de Waard, J., A Comparative Study of the Old Testament Text in the Dead Sea Scrolls and in the New Testament, Grand Rapids, 1966. (130) Werbeck, W., Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Tubingen, 1959. (131) Whiston, W., The Complete Works of Flavius Josephus, London, 1860. (132) Witt, R.E., Albinus and the History of Middle Platonism, Cambridge, 1937. (133) Wrenn, C.L., A Study of Old English Literature, London, 1967. (134) Wright, W., Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, Amsterdam, 1968. (135) Wright, W., `The Departure of My Lady Mary From This World’ in Journal of Sacred Literature, London, 1895.

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