1. Should any bhikkhu -- participating in the
training and livelihood of the bhikkhus, without having renounced the training,
without having declared his weakness -- engage in the sexual act, even with a
female animal, he is defeated and no longer in communion.
2. Should any bhikkhu, in the manner of stealing,
take what is not given from an inhabited area or from the wilderness -- just as
when, in the taking of what is not given, kings arresting the criminal would
flog, imprison, or banish him, saying, "You are a robber, you are a fool, you
are benighted, you are a thief" -- a bhikkhu in the same way taking what is not
given is defeated and no longer in communion.
3. Should any bhikkhu intentionally deprive a human
being of life, or search for an assassin for him, or praise the advantages of
death, or incite him to die (thus): "My good man, what use is this wretched,
miserable life to you? Death would be better for you than life," or with such
an idea in mind, such a purpose in mind, should in various ways praise the
advantages of death or incite him to die, he also is defeated and no longer in
communion.
4. Should any bhikkhu, without direct knowledge,
boast of a superior human state, a truly noble knowledge and vision as present
in himself, saying, "Thus do I know; thus do I see," such that regardless of
whether or not he is cross-examined on a later occasion, he -- being remorseful
and desirous of purification -- might say, "Friends, not knowing, I said I
know; not seeing, I said I see -- vainly, falsely, idly," unless it was from
over-estimation, he also is defeated and no longer in communion.
1. Intentional discharge of semen, except while
dreaming, entails initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
2. Should any bhikkhu, overcome by lust, with
altered mind, engage in bodily contact with a woman, or in holding her hand,
holding a lock of her hair, or caressing any of her limbs, it entails initial
and subsequent meetings of the Community.
3. Should any bhikkhu, overcome by lust, with
altered mind, address lewd words to a woman in the manner of young men to a
young woman alluding to sexual intercourse, it entails initial and subsequent
meetings of the Community.
4. Should any bhikkhu, overcome by lust, with altered mind, speak in the presence of a woman in praise of ministering to his own sensuality thus: "This, sister, is the highest ministration, that of ministering to a virtuous, fine-natured follower of the celibate life such as myself with this act" -- alluding to sexual intercourse -- it entails initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
5. Should any bhikkhu engage in conveying a man's
intentions to a woman or a woman's intentions to a man, proposing marriage or
paramourage -- even if only for a momentary liaison -- it entails initial and
subsequent meetings of the Community.
6. When a bhikkhu is building a hut from (gains
acquired by) his own begging -- having no sponsor, destined for himself -- he
is to build it to the standard measurement. Here the standard is this: twelve
spans, using the sugata span, in length (measuring outside); seven in width,
(measuring) inside. Bhikkhus are to be assembled to designate the site. The
site the bhikkhus designate should be without disturbances and with adequate
space. If the bhikkhu should build a hut from his own begging on a site with
disturbances and without adequate space, or if he should not assemble the
bhikkhus to designate the site, or if he should exceed the standard, it entails
initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
7. When a bhikkhu is building a large dwelling --
having a sponsor and destined for himself -- he is to assemble bhikkhus to
designate the site. The site the bhikkhus designate should be without
disturbances and with adequate space. If the bhikkhu should build a large
dwelling on a site with disturbances and without adequate space, or if he
should not assemble the bhikkhus to designate the site, it entails initial and
subsequent meetings of the Community.
8. Should any bhikkhu, malicious, angered,
displeased, charge a (fellow) bhikkhu with an unfounded case involving defeat,
(thinking), "Surely with this I may bring about his fall from the celibate
life," then regardless of whether or not he is cross-examined on a later
occasion, if the issue is unfounded and the bhikkhu confesses his anger, it
entails initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
9. Should any bhikkhu, malicious, angered,
displeased, using as a mere ploy an aspect of an issue that pertains otherwise,
charge a bhikkhu with a case involving defeat, (thinking), "Surely with this I
may bring about his fall from the celibate life," then regardless of whether or
not he is cross-examined on a later occasion, if the issue pertains otherwise,
an aspect used as a mere ploy, and the bhikkhu confesses his anger, it entails
initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
10. Should any bhikkhu agitate for a schism in a Community in concord, or should he persist in taking up an issue conducive to schism, the bhikkhus should admonish him thus: "Do not, Ven. sir, agitate for a schism in a Community in concord or persist in taking up an issue conducive to schism. Let the venerable one be reconciled with the Community, for a Community in concord, on complimentary terms, free from dispute, having a common recitation, dwells in peace."
And should that bhikkhu, admonished thus by the bhikkhus, persist as
before, the bhikkhus are to rebuke him up to three times so as to desist. If
while being rebuked up to three times he desists, that is good. If he does not
desist, it entails initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
11. Should bhikkhus -- one, two, or three -- who are followers and partisans of that bhikkhu, say, "Do not, Ven. sirs, admonish that bhikkhu in any way. He is an exponent of the Dhamma, an exponent of the Vinaya. He acts with our consent and approval. He knows, he speaks for us, and that is pleasing to us," other bhikkhus are to admonish them thus: "Do not say that, Ven. sirs. That bhikkhu is not an exponent of the Dhamma and he is not an exponent of the Vinaya. Do not, Ven. sirs, approve of a schism in the Community. Let the venerable ones' (minds) be reconciled with the Community, for a Community in concord, on complimentary terms, without dispute, with a common recitation, dwells in peace."
And should those bhikkhus, thus admonished, persist as before, the
bhikkhus are to rebuke them up to three times so as to desist. If while being
rebuked up to three times by the bhikkhus they desist, that is good. If they do
not desist, it entails initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
12. In case a bhikkhu is by nature difficult to admonish -- who, when being legitimately admonished by the bhikkhus with reference to the training rules included in the (Patimokkha) recitation, makes himself unadmonishable (saying), "Do not, venerable ones, say anything to me, good or bad; and I will not say anything to the venerable ones, good or bad. Refrain, venerable ones, from admonishing me" -- the bhikkhus should admonish him thus: "Let the venerable one not make himself unadmonishable. Let the venerable one make himself admonishable. Let the venerable one admonish the bhikkhus in accordance with what is right, and the bhikkhus will admonish the venerable one in accordance with what is right; for it is thus that the Blessed One's following is nurtured: through mutual admonition, through mutual rehabilitation."
And should that bhikkhu, thus admonished by the bhikkhus, persist as before, the bhikkhus are to be rebuke him up to three times so as to desist. If while being rebuked up to three times he desists, that is good. If he does not desist, it entails initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
13. In case a bhikkhu living in dependence on a
certain village or town is a corrupter of families, a man of depraved conduct
-- whose depraved conduct is both seen and heard about, and the families he has
corrupted are both seen and heard about -- the bhikkhus are to admonish him
thus: "You, Ven. sir, are a corrupter of families, a man of depraved conduct.
Your depraved conduct is both seen and heard about; the families you have
corrupted are both seen and heard about. Leave this monastery, Ven. sir. Enough
of your staying here."
And should that bhikkhu, thus admonished by the bhikkhus, say about
the bhikkhus, "The bhikkhus are prejudiced by favoritism, prejudiced by
aversion, prejudiced by delusion, prejudiced by fear, in that for this sort of
offense they banish some and do not banish others," the bhikkhus are to
admonish him thus: "Do not say that, Ven. sir. The bhikkhus are not prejudiced
by favoritism, are not prejudiced by aversion, are not prejudiced by delusion,
are not prejudiced by fear. You, Ven. sir, are a corrupter of families, a man
of depraved conduct. Your depraved conduct is both seen and heard about, and
the families you have corrupted are both seen and heard about. Leave this
monastery, Ven. sir. Enough of your staying here."
And should that bhikkhu, thus admonished by the bhikkhus, persist as
before, the bhikkhus are to rebuke him up to three times so as to desist. If
while being rebuked up to three times he desists, that is good. If he does not
desist, it entails initial and subsequent meetings of the Community.
1. Should any bhikkhu sit in private, alone with a
woman in a seat secluded enough to lend itself (to the sexual act), so that a
female lay follower whose word can be trusted, having seen (them), might
describe it as constituting any of three cases -- involving either defeat,
communal meetings, or confession -- then the bhikkhu, acknowledging having sat
(there), may be dealt with for any of the three cases -- involving defeat,
communal meetings, or confession -- or he may be dealt with for whichever case
the female lay follower described. This case is undetermined.
2. In case a seat is not sufficiently secluded to
lend itself (to the sexual act) but sufficiently so to address lewd words to a
woman, should any bhikkhu sit in private, alone with a woman in such a seat, so
that a female lay follower whose word can be trusted, having seen them, would
describe it as constituting either of two cases -- involving communal meetings
or confession -- then the bhikkhu, acknowledging having sat (there), is to be
dealt with for either of the two cases -- involving communal meetings or
confession -- or he is to be dealt with for whichever case the female lay
follower described. This case too is undetermined.
1. When a bhikkhu has finished his robe-making and
the frame is destroyed (his kathina privileges are in abeyance), he is to keep
an extra robe-cloth ten days at most. Beyond that, it is to be forfeited and
confessed.
2. When a bhikkhu has finished his robe-making and
the frame is destroyed (his kathina privileges are in abeyance): If he dwells
apart from (any of) his three robes even for one night -- unless authorized by
the bhikkhus -- it is to be forfeited and confessed.
3. When a bhikkhu has finished his robe-making and
the kathina privileges are in abeyance: If out-of-season robe-cloth accrues to
him, he may accept it if he so desires. Once he accepts it, he is to make it up
immediately (into a cloth requisite). If it should not be enough, he may lay it
aside for a month at most if he has an expectation for filling the lack. Should
he keep it beyond that, even when there is an expectation (for further cloth),
it is to be forfeited and confessed.
4. Should any bhikkhu have a used robe washed,
dyed, or beaten by a bhikkhuni unrelated to him, it is to be forfeited and
confessed.
5. Should any bhikkhu accept robe-cloth from a
bhikkhuni unrelated to him -- unless it is in exchange -- it is to be forfeited
and confessed.
6. Should any bhikkhu ask for robe-cloth from a man
or woman householder unrelated to him, except at the proper occasion, it is to
be forfeited and confessed. Here the proper occasion is this: The bhikkhu's
robe has been stolen or destroyed. This is the proper occasion in this
case.
7. If that unrelated man or woman householder
presents the bhikkhu with many robes (pieces of robe-cloth), he is to accept at
most (enough for) an upper and an under robe. If he accepts more than that, it
is to be forfeited and confessed.
8. In case a man or woman householder prepares a
robe fund for the sake of an unrelated bhikkhu, thinking. "Having purchased a
robe with this robe fund, I will supply the bhikkhu named so-and-so with a
robe:" If the bhikkhu, not previously invited, approaching (the householder)
should make a stipulation with regard to the robe, saying, "It would be good
indeed, sir, if you supplied me (with a robe), having purchased a robe of
such-and-such a sort with this robe fund" -- out of a desire for something fine
-- it is to be forfeited and confessed.
9. In case two householders -- men or women --
prepare separate robe funds for the sake of a bhikkhu unrelated to them,
thinking, "Having purchased separate robes with these separate robe funds of
ours, we will supply the bhikkhu named so-and-so with robes": If the bhikkhu,
not previously invited, approaching (them) should make a stipulation with
regard to the robe, saying, "It would be good indeed, sirs, if you supplied me
(with a robe), having purchased a robe of such-and-such a sort with these
separate robe funds, the two (funds) together for one (robe)" -- out of a
desire for something fine -- it is to be forfeited and confessed.
10. In case a king, a royal official, a brahmin or
a householder sends a robe fund for the sake of a bhikkhu via a messenger
(saying), "Having purchased a robe with this robe fund, supply the bhikkhu
named so-and-so with a robe": If the messenger, approaching the bhikkhu, should
say, "This is a robe fund being delivered for the sake of the venerable one.
May the venerable one accept this robe fund," then the bhikkhu is to tell the
messenger: "We do not accept robe funds, my friend. We accept robes
(robe-cloth) as are proper according to season."
If the messenger should say to the bhikkhu, "Does the venerable one
have a steward?" then, bhikkhus, if the bhikkhu desires a robe, he may indicate
a steward -- either a monastery attendant or a lay follower -- (saying), "That,
my friend, is the bhikkhus' steward."
If the messenger, having instructed the steward and going to the
bhikkhu, should say, "I have instructed the steward the venerable one
indicated. May the venerable one go (to him) and he will supply you with a robe
in season," then the bhikkhu, desiring a robe and approaching the steward, may
prompt and remind him two or three times, "I have need of a robe." Should (the
steward) produce the robe after being prompted and reminded two or three times,
that is good.
If he does not produce the robe, (the bhikkhu) should stand in
silence four times, five times, six times at most for that purpose. Should (the
steward) produce the robe after (the bhikkhu) has stood in silence for the
purpose four, five, six times at most, that is good.
If he should not produce the robe (at that point), should he then
produce the robe after (the bhikkhu) has endeavored further than that, it is to
be forfeited and confessed.
If he should not produce (the robe), then the bhikkhu himself should
go to the place from which the robe fund was brought, or a messenger should be
sent (to say), "The robe fund that you, venerable sirs, sent for the sake of
the bhikkhu has given no benefit to the bhikkhu at all. May the you be united
with what is yours. May what is yours not be lost." This is the proper course
here.
11. Should any bhikkhu have a felt (blanket/rug)
made of a mixture containing silk, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
12. Should any bhikkhu have a felt (blanket/rug)
made of pure black wool, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
13. When a bhikkhu is making a new felt
(blanket/rug), two parts of pure black wool are to be incorporated, a third
(part) of white, and a fourth of brown. If a bhikkhu should have a new felt
(blanket/rug) made without incorporating two parts of pure black wool, a third
of white, and a fourth of brown, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
14. When a new felt (blanket/rug) has been made by
a bhikkhu, it is to be kept for (at least) six years. If after less than six
years he should have another new felt (blanket/rug) made, regardless of whether
or not he has disposed of the first, then -- unless he has been authorized by
the bhikkhus -- it is to be forfeited and confessed.
15. When a felt sitting rug is being made by a
bhikkhu, a piece of old felt a sugata span (25 cm.) on each side is to be
incorporated for the sake of discoloring it. If, without incorporating a piece
of old felt a sugata span on each side, he should have a new felt sitting rug
made, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
16. If wool accrues to a bhikkhu as he is going on
a journey, he may accept it if he so desires. Once he accepts it, he may carry
it by hand -- there being no one else to carry it -- three leagues (48 km.=30
miles) at most. Should he carry it farther than that, even if there is no one
else to carry it, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
17.Should any bhikkhu have wool washed, dyed, or
carded by a bhikkhuni unrelated to him, it is to be forfeited and
confessed.
18. Should any bhikkhu take gold and silver, or
have it taken, or consent to its being deposited (near him), it is to be
forfeited and confessed.
19. Should any bhikkhu engage in various types of
monetary exchange, it (the income) is to be forfeited and confessed.
20. Should any bhikkhu engage in various types of
trade, (the article obtained) is to be forfeited and confessed.
21. An extra alms bowl may be kept ten days at
most. Beyond that, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
22. Should a bhikkhu with an alms bowl having less
than five mends ask for another new bowl, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
The bowl is to be forfeited by the bhikkhu to the company of bhikkhus. That
company of bhikkhus' final bowl should be presented to the bhikkhu, (saying,)
"This, bhikkhu, is your bowl. It is to be kept until broken." This is the
proper procedure here.
23.There are these tonics to be taken by sick
bhikkhus: ghee, fresh butter, oil, honey, sugar/molasses. Having been received,
they are to be used from storage seven days at most. Beyond that, they are to
be forfeited and confessed.
24. When a month is left to the hot season, a
bhikkhu may seek a rains-bathing cloth. When a half-month is left to the hot
season, (the cloth) having been made, may be worn. If when more than a month is
left to the hot season he should seek a rains-bathing cloth, (or) when more
than a half-month is left to the hot season, (the cloth) having been made
should be worn, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
25. Should any bhikkhu, having himself given a
robe-cloth to (another) bhikkhu, and then being angered and displeased, snatch
it back or have it snatched back, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
26. Should any bhikkhu, having requested thread,
have a robe woven by weavers, it is to be forfeited and confessed.
27. In case a man or woman householder unrelated
to a bhikkhu has weavers weave robe-cloth for his sake, and if the bhikkhu, not
previously invited (by the householder), having approached the weavers, should
make stipulations with regard to the cloth, saying, "This cloth, friends, is to
be woven for my sake. Make it long, make it broad, make it tightly woven, well
woven, well spread, well scraped, well smoothed, and perhaps I may reward you
with a little something;" and should the bhikkhu, having said that, reward them
with a little something, even as much as alms food, it (the cloth) is to be
forfeited and confessed.
28.Ten days prior to the third-month Kattika full
moon, should robe-cloth offered in urgency accrue to a bhikkhu, he is to accept
it if he regards it as offered in urgency. Once he has accepted it, he may keep
it throughout the robe season. Beyond that, it is to be forfeited and
confessed.
29. There are wilderness abodes that are
considered dubious and risky. A bhikkhu living in such abodes after the
(fourth-month) Kattika full moon has passed may keep any one of his three robes
in a village if he so desires. Should he have any reason to live apart from the
robe, he may do so for six nights at most. If he should live apart from it
longer than that -- unless authorized by the bhikkhus -- it is to be forfeited
and confessed.
30. Should any bhikkhu knowingly divert to himself
gains that had been intended for a Community, they are to be forfeited and
confessed.
1. A deliberate lie is to be confessed.
2. An insult is to be confessed.
3. Malicious tale-bearing among bhikkhus is to be
confessed.
4. Should any bhikkhu have an unordained person
recite Dhamma line by line (with him), it is to be confessed.
5. Should any bhikkhu lie down in the same lodging
with an unordained person for more than two or three consecutive nights, it is
to be confessed.
6. Should any bhikkhu lie down in the same lodging
with a woman, it is to be confessed.
7. Should any bhikkhu teach more than five or six
sentences of Dhamma to a woman, unless a knowledgeable man is present, it is to
be confessed.
8. Should any bhikkhu report (his own) factual
superior human state to an unordained person, it is to be confessed.
9. Should any bhikkhu report (another) bhikkhu's
gross offense to an unordained person -- unless authorized by the bhikkhus --
it is to be confessed.
10. Should any bhikkhu dig soil or have it dug, it
is to be confessed.
11. The damaging of a living plant is to be
confessed.
12. Evasive speech and uncooperativeness are to be
confessed.
13. Maligning or complaining (about a Community
official) is to be confessed.
14. Should any bhikkhu set a bed, bench, mattress,
or stool belonging to the Community out in the open -- or have it set out --
and then on departing neither put it away nor have it put away, or should he go
without taking leave, it is to be confessed.
15. Should any bhikkhu, having set out bedding in
a lodging belonging to the Community -- or having had it set out -- and then on
departing neither put it away nor have it put away, or should he go without
taking leave, it is to be confessed.
16. Should any bhikkhu knowingly lie down in a
lodging belonging to the Community so as to intrude on a bhikkhu who arrived
there first, (thinking), "Whoever feels crowded will go away" -- doing it for
this reason and no other -- it is to be confessed.
17. Should any bhikkhu, angry and displeased,
evict a bhikkhu from a dwelling belonging to the Community -- or have him
evicted -- it is to be confessed.
18. Should any bhikkhu sit or lie down on a bed or
bench with detachable legs on an (unplanked) loft in a dwelling belonging to
the Community, it is to be confessed.
19. When a bhikkhu is building a large dwelling,
he may apply two or three layers of facing to plaster the area around the
window frame and reinforce the area around the door frame the width of the door
opening, while standing where there are no crops to speak of. Should he apply
more than that, even if standing where there are no crops to speak of, it is to
be confessed.
20. Should any bhikkhu knowingly pour water
containing living beings -- or have it poured -- on grass or on clay, it is to
be confessed.
21. Should any bhikkhu, unauthorized, exhort the
bhikkhunis, it is to be confessed.
22. Should any bhikkhu, even if authorized, exhort
the bhikkhunis after sunset, it is to be confessed.
23. Should any bhikkhu, having gone to the
bhikkhunis' quarters, exhort the bhikkhunis -- except at the proper occasion --
it is to be confessed. Here the proper occasion is this: A bhikkhuni is ill.
This is the proper occasion here.
24. Should any bhikkhu say that the bhikkhus
exhort the bhikkhunis for the sake of personal gain, it is to be confessed.
25. Should any bhikkhu give robe-cloth to a
bhikkhuni unrelated to him, except in exchange, it is to be confessed.
26. Should any bhikkhu sew a robe or have it sewn
for a bhikkhuni unrelated to him, it is to be confessed.
27. Should any bhikkhu, by arrangement, travel
together with a bhikkhuni even for the interval between one village and the
next, except at the proper occasion, it is to be confessed. Here the proper
occasion is this: The road is to be traveled by caravan, and is considered
dubious and risky. This is the proper occasion here.
28. Should any bhikkhu, by arrangement, get in the
same boat with a bhikkhuni going upstream or downstream -- except to cross over
to the other bank -- it is to be confessed.
29. Should any bhikkhu knowingly eat almsfood
donated through the prompting of a bhikkhuni, except for food that householders
had already intended for him prior (to her prompting), it is to be
confessed.
30. Should any bhikkhu sit in private, alone with
a bhikkhuni, it is to be confessed.
31. A bhikkhu who is not ill may eat one meal at a
public alms center. Should he eat more than that, it is to be confessed.
32. A group meal, except on the proper occasions,
is to be confessed. Here the proper occasions are these: a time of illness, a
time of giving cloth, a time of making robes, a time of going on a journey, a
time of embarking on a boat, an extraordinary occasion, a time when the meal is
supplied by contemplatives. These are the proper occasions here.
33. An out-of-turn meal, except on the proper
occasions, is to be confessed. Here the proper occasions are these: a time of
illness, a time of giving cloth (the robe season), a time of making robes.
These are the proper occasions here.
34. In case a bhikkhu arriving at a family
residence is presented with cakes or cooked grain-meal, he may accept two or
three bowlfuls if he so desires. If he should accept more than that, it is to
be confessed. Having accepted the two-or-three bowlfuls and having taken them
from there, he is to share them among the bhikkhus. This is the proper course
here.
35. Should any bhikkhu, having eaten and turned
down an offer (of further food), chew or consume staple or non-staple food that
is not left over, it is to be confessed.
36. Should any bhikkhu, knowingly and wishing to
find fault, present staple or non-staple food to a bhikkhu who has eaten and
turned down an offer (for further food), saying, "Here, bhikkhu, chew or
consume this" -- when it has been eaten, it is to be confessed.
37. Should any bhikkhu chew or consume staple or
non-staple food at the wrong time, it is to be confessed.
38. Should any bhikkhu chew or consume stored-up
staple or non-staple food, it is to be confessed.
39. There are these finer staple foods, i.e.,
ghee, fresh butter, oil, honey, sugar/molasses, fish, meat, milk, and curds.
Should any bhikkhu who is not ill, having asked for finer staple foods such as
these for his own sake, then eat them, it is to be confessed.
40. Should any bhikkhu take into his mouth an
edible that has not been given -- except for water and tooth-cleaning sticks --
it is to be confessed.
41. Should any bhikkhu give staple or non-staple
food with his own hand to a naked ascetic, a male wanderer, or a female
wanderer, it is to be confessed.
42. Should any bhikkhu say to a bhikkhu, "Come, my
friend, let's enter the village or town for alms," and then -- whether or not
he has had (food) given to him -- dismiss him, saying, "Go away, my friend. I
don't like sitting or talking with you. I prefer sitting or talking alone," if
doing it for that reason and no other, it is to be confessed.
43.Should a bhikkhu sit intruding on a family
"with its meal," it is to be confessed.
44. Should any bhikkhu sit in private on a
secluded seat with a woman, it is to be confessed.
45. Should any bhikkhu sit in private, alone with
a woman, it is to be confessed.
46. Should any bhikkhu, being invited for a meal and without taking leave of an available bhikkhu, go calling on families before or after the meal, except at the proper times, it is to be confessed. Here the proper times are these: the time of giving cloth, the time of making robes. These are the proper times here.
47.A bhikkhu who is not ill may accept (make use
of) a four-month invitation to ask for requisites. If he should accept (make
use of) it for longer than that -- unless the invitation is renewed or is
permanent -- it is to be confessed.
48. Should any bhikkhu go to see an army on active
duty, unless there is a suitable reason, it is to be confessed.
49.There being some reason or another for a
bhikkhu to go to an army, he may stay two or three (consecutive) nights with
the army. If he should stay longer than that, it is to be confessed.
50. If a bhikkhu staying two or three nights with
an army should go to a battlefield, a roll call, the troops in battle
formation, or to see a review of the (battle) units, it is to be confessed.
51. The drinking of alcohol or fermented liquor is
to be confessed.
52. Tickling with the fingers is to be
confessed.
53. The act of playing in the water is to be
confessed.
54. Disrespect is to be confessed.
55. Should any bhikkhu try to frighten another
bhikkhu, it is to be confessed.
56. Should any bhikkhu who is not ill, seeking to
warm himself, kindle a fire or have one kindled -- unless there is a suitable
reason -- it is to be confessed.
57. Should any bhikkhu bathe at intervals of less
than half a month, except at the proper occasions, it is to be confessed. Here
the proper occasions are these: the last month and a half of the hot season,
the first month of the rains, these two and a half months being a time of heat,
a time of fever; (also) a time of illness; a time of work; a time of going on a
journey; a time of wind or rain. These are the proper times here.
58. When a bhikkhu receives a new robe, any one of
three means of discoloring it is to be applied: green, brown, or black. If a
bhikkhu should make use of a new robe without applying any of the three means
of discoloring it, it is to be confessed.
59. Should any bhikkhu, himself having placed
robe-cloth under shared ownership (vikappana) with a bhikkhu, a bhikkhuni, a
female probationer, a male novice, or a female novice, then make use of the
cloth without the shared ownership's being rescinded, it is to be
confessed.
60. Should any bhikkhu hide (another) bhikkhu's
bowl, robe, sitting cloth, needle case, or belt -- or have it hidden -- even as
a joke, it is to be confessed.
61. Should any bhikkhu knowingly deprive an animal
of life, it is to be confessed.
62. Should any bhikkhu knowingly make use of water
with living beings in it, it is to be confessed.
63. Should any bhikkhu knowingly agitate for the
reviving of an issue that has been rightfully dealt with, it is to be
confessed.
64. Should any bhikkhu knowingly conceal another
bhikkhu's serious offense, it is to be confessed.
65. Should any bhikkhu knowingly give full
ordination to an individual less than twenty years of age, the individual is
not ordained and the bhikkhus are blameworthy; and as for him (the preceptor),
it is to be confessed.
66. Should any bhikkhu knowingly and by
arrangement travel together with a caravan of thieves, even for the interval
between one village and the next, it is to be confessed.
67. Should any bhikkhu, by arrangement, travel
together with a woman, even for the interval between one village and the next,
it is to be confessed.
68. Should any bhikkhu say the following: "As I
understand the Dhamma taught by the Blessed One, those acts the Blessed One
says are obstructive for me, when indulged in, are not genuine obstructions,"
the bhikkhus should admonish him thus: "Do not say that, venerable sir. Do not
misrepresent the Blessed One, for it is not good to misrepresent the Blessed
One. The Blessed One would not say anything like that. In many ways, friend,
the Blessed One has described obstructive acts, and when indulged in they are
genuine obstructions."
And should the bhikkhu, thus admonished by the bhikkhus, persist as
before, the bhikkhus are to rebuke him up to three times so as to desist. If
while being rebuked up to three times he desists, that is good. If he does not
desist, it is to be confessed.
69. Should any bhikkhu knowingly consort, join in
communion, or lie down in the same lodging with a bhikkhu professing such a
view who has not acted in compliance with the rule, who has not abandoned that
view, it is to be confessed.
70. And if a novice should say the following: "As
I understand the Dhamma taught by the Blessed One, those acts the Blessed One
says are obstructive for me when indulged in, are not genuine obstructions,"
the bhikkhus should admonish him thus: "Do not say that, friend novice. Do not
misrepresent the Blessed One, for it is not good to misrepresent the Blessed
One. The Blessed One would not say anything like that. In many ways, friend,
the Blessed One has described obstructive acts, and when indulged in they are
genuine obstructions."
And should that novice, thus admonished by the bhikkhus, persist as
before, the bhikkhus should admonish him as follows: "From this day forth,
friend novice, you are not to claim the Blessed One as your teacher, nor are
you even to have the opportunity the other novices get -- that of sharing
lodgings two or three nights with the bhikkhus. Away with you! Out of our
sight! (literally, 'Get lost!')"
Should any bhikkhu knowingly support, receive services from, consort
with, or lie down in the same lodging with a novice thus expelled, it is to be
confessed.
71. Should any bhikkhu, admonished by the bhikkhus
in accordance with a rule, say, "Friends, I will not train myself under this
training rule until I have put questions about it to another bhikkhu,
experienced and learned in the discipline," it is to be confessed. Bhikkhus, (a
training rule) is to be understood, is to be asked about, is to be pondered.
This is the proper course here.
72. Should any bhikkhu, when the Patimokkha is
being repeated, say, "Why are these lesser and minor training rules repeated
when they lead only to anxiety, bother and confusion?" the criticism of the
training rules is to be confessed.
73. Should any bhikkhu, when the Patimokkha is
being recited every half-month, say, "Just now have I heard that this case,
too, is handed down in the Patimokkha, is included in the Patimokkha, and comes
up for recitation every half-month;" and if other bhikkhus should know, "That
bhikkhu has already sat through two or three recitations of the Patimokkha, if
not more," the bhikkhu is not exempted for being ignorant. Whatever the offense
he has committed, he is to be dealt with in accordance with the rule; and in
addition, his deception is to be exposed: "It is no gain for you, friend, it is
ill-done, that when the Patimokkha is being recited, you do not pay proper
attention and take it to heart." Here the deception is to be confessed.
74. Should any bhikkhu, angered and displeased,
give a blow to (another) bhikkhu, it is to be confessed.
75. Should any bhikkhu, angered and displeased,
raise his hand against (another) bhikkhu, it is to be confessed.
76. Should any bhikkhu charge a bhikkhu with an
unfounded sanghadisesa (offense), it is to be confessed.
77. Should any bhikkhu purposefully provoke
anxiety in (another) bhikkhu, (thinking,) "This way, even for just a moment, he
will have no peace" -- if doing it for just this reason and no other -- it is
to be confessed.
78. Should any bhikkhu stand eavesdropping on
bhikkhus when they are arguing, quarreling, and disputing, thinking, "I will
overhear what they say" -- if doing it for just this reason and no other -- it
is to be confessed.
79. Should any bhikkhu, having given consent (by
proxy) to a formal act carried out in accordance with the rule, later complain
(about the act), it is to be confessed.
80. Should any bhikkhu, when deliberation is being
carried on in the Community, get up from his seat and leave without having
given consent, it is to be confessed.
81. Should any bhikkhu, (acting as part of) a
Community in concord, give robe-cloth (to an individual bhikkhu) and later
complain, "The bhikkhus apportion the Community's gains according to
friendship," it is to be confessed.
82. Should any bhikkhu knowingly divert to an
individual gains that had been allocated for the Community, it is to be
confessed.
83. Should any bhikkhu, without being previously
announced, cross the threshold of a consecrated noble king's (sleeping chamber)
from which the king has not left, from which the treasure (the queen) has not
withdrawn, it is to be confessed.
84. Should any bhikkhu pick up or have (someone)
pick up a valuable or what is considered a valuable, except within a monastery
or within a dwelling, it is to be confessed. But when a bhikkhu has picked up
or had (someone) pick up a valuable or what is considered a valuable (left) in
a monastery or in a dwelling, he is to keep it, (thinking,) "Whoever it belongs
to will (come and) fetch it." This is the proper course here.
85. Should any bhikkhu, without taking leave of an
available bhikkhu, enter a village at the wrong time -- unless there is a
suitable emergency -- it is to be confessed.
86. Should any bhikkhu have a needle case made of
bone, ivory, or horn, it is to be broken and confessed.
87. When a bhikkhu is making a new bed or bench,
it is to have legs (at most) eight fingerbreadths long -- using Sugata
fingerbreadths -- not counting the lower edge of the frame. In excess of that
it is to be cut down and confessed.
88. Should any bhikkhu have a bed or bench
upholstered, it (the upholstery) is to be torn off and confessed.
89.When a bhikkhu is making a sitting cloth, it is
to be made to the standard measurement. Here the standard is this: two spans --
using the Sugata span -- in length, 1 1/2 in width, the border a span. In
excess of that, it is to be cut down and confessed.
90. When a bhikkhu is making a skin-eruption
covering cloth, it is to be made to the standard measurement. Here the standard
is this: four spans -- using the Sugata span -- in length, two spans in width.
In excess of that, it is to be cut down and confessed.
91. When a bhikkhu is making a rains-bathing
cloth, it is to be made to the standard measurement. Here the standard is this:
six spans -- using the Sugata span -- in length, 2 1/2 in width. In excess of
that, it is to be cut down and confessed.
92. Should any bhikkhu have a robe made the size
of the Sugata robe or larger, it is to be cut down and confessed. Here, the
size of the Sugata robe is this: nine spans -- using the Sugata span -- in
length, six spans in width. This is the size of the Sugata's Sugata robe.
1. Should any bhikkhu chew or consume staple or
non-staple food, having received it himself from the hand of an unrelated
bhikkhuni in an inhabited area, he is to acknowledge it: "Friends, I have
committed a blameworthy, unsuitable act that ought to be acknowledged. I
acknowledge it."
2. In case bhikkhus, being invited, are eating in
family homes, and if a bhikkhuni is standing there as though giving directions,
(saying,) "Give curry here, give rice here," then the bhikkhus are to dismiss
her: "Go away, sister, while the bhikkhus are eating." If not one of the
bhikkhus should speak to dismiss her, "Go away, sister, while the bhikkhus are
eating," the bhikkhus are to acknowledge it: "Friends, we have committed a
blameworthy, unsuitable act that ought to be acknowledged. We acknowledge
it."
3.There are families designated as in training.
Should any bhikkhu, not being ill, uninvited beforehand, chew or consume staple
or non-staple food, having received it himself at the homes of families
designated as in training, he is to acknowledge it: "Friends, I have committed
a blameworthy, unsuitable act that ought to be acknowledged. I acknowledge
it."
4.There are wilderness abodes that are dubious and
risky. Should any bhikkhu, not being ill, living in such abodes, chew or
consume unannounced (gifts of) staple or non-staple food, having received them
himself in the abode, he is to acknowledge it: "Friends, I have committed a
blameworthy, unsuitable act that ought to be acknowledged. I acknowledge
it."
1. [2] I will wear the lower robe
[upper robe] wrapped around (me): a training to be observed.
3. [4] I will go [sit]
well-covered in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
5. [6] I will go [sit]
well-restrained in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
7. [8] I will go [sit] with eyes
lowered in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
9. [10] I will not go [sit] with
robes hitched up in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
11. [12] I will not go [sit]
laughing loudly in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
13. [14] I will go [sit]
(speaking) with a lowered voice in inhabited areas: a training to be
observed.
15. [16] I will not go [sit]
swinging the body in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
17. [18] I will not go [sit]
swinging the arms in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
19. [20] I will not go [sit]
swinging the head in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
21. [22] I will not go [sit]
with arms akimbo in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
23. [24] I will not go [sit]
with my head covered in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
25. I will not go tiptoeing or walking just on the
heels in inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
26. I will not sit holding up the knees in
inhabited areas: a training to be observed.
27. I will receive alms food appreciatively: a
training to be observed.
28. I will receive alms food with attention
focused on the bowl: a training to be observed.
29. I will receive alms food with bean curry in
proper proportion: a training to be observed.
30. I will receive alms food level with the edge
(of the bowl): a training to be observed.
31. I will eat alms food appreciatively: a
training to be observed.
32. I will eat alms food with attention focused on
the bowl: a training to be observed.
33. I will eat alms food methodically: a training
to be observed.
34. I will eat alms food with bean curry in proper
proportion: a training to be observed.
35. I will not eat alms food taking mouthfuls from
a heap: a training to be observed.
36. I will not hide bean curry and foods with rice
out of a desire to get more: a training to be observed.
37. Not being ill, I will not eat rice or bean
curry that I have requested for my own sake: a training to be observed.
38. I will not look at another's bowl intent on
finding fault: a training to be observed.
39. I will not take an extra-large mouthful: a
training to be observed.
40. I will make a rounded mouthful: a training to
be observed.
41. I will not open the mouth when the mouthful
has yet to be brought to it: a training to be observed.
42. I will not put the whole hand into the mouth
while eating: a training to be observed.
43. I will not speak with the mouth full of food:
a training to be observed.
44. I will not eat from lifted balls of food: a
training to be observed.
45. I will not eat nibbling at mouthfuls of food:
a training to be observed.
46. I will not eat stuffing out the cheeks: a
training to be observed.
47. I will not eat shaking (food off) the hand: a
training to be observed.
48. I will not eat scattering rice about: a
training to be observed.
49. I will not eat sticking out the tongue: a
training to be observed.
50. I will not eat smacking the lips: a training
to be observed.
51. I will not eat making a slurping noise: a
training to be observed.
52. I will not eat licking the hands: a training
to be observed.
53. I will not eat licking the bowl: a training to
be observed.
54. I will not eat licking the lips: a training to
be observed.
55. I will not accept a water vessel with a hand
soiled by food: a training to be observed.
56. I will not, in an inhabited area, throw away
bowl-rinsing water that has grains of rice in it: a training to be
observed.
57. I will not teach Dhamma to a person with an
umbrella in his hand and who is not ill: a training to be observed.
58. I will not teach Dhamma to a person with a
staff in his hand and who is not ill: a training to be observed.
59. I will not teach Dhamma to a person with a
knife in his hand and who is not ill: a training to be observed.
60. I will not teach Dhamma to a person with a
weapon in his hand and who is not ill: a training to be observed.
61. [62] I will not teach
Dhamma to a person wearing non-leather [leather] footwear who is not ill: a
training to be observed.
63. I will not teach Dhamma to a person in a
vehicle and who is not ill: a training to be observed.
64. I will not teach Dhamma to a person lying down
who is not ill: a training to be observed.
65. I will not teach Dhamma to a person who sits
holding up his knees and who is not ill: a training to be observed.
66. I will not teach Dhamma to a person wearing
headgear who is not ill: a training to be observed.
67. I will not teach Dhamma to a person whose head
is covered (with a robe or scarf) and who is not ill: a training to be
observed.
68. Sitting on the ground, I will not teach Dhamma
to a person sitting on a seat who is not ill: a training to be observed.
69. Sitting on a low seat, I will not teach Dhamma
to a person sitting on a high seat who is not ill: a training to be
observed.
70. Standing, I will not teach Dhamma to a person
sitting who is not ill: a training to be observed.
71. Walking behind, I will not teach Dhamma to a
person walking ahead who is not ill: a training to be observed.
72. Walking beside a path, I will not teach Dhamma
to a person walking on the path and who is not ill: a training to be
observed.
73. Not being ill, I will not defecate or urinate
while standing: a training to be observed.
74. Not being ill, I will not defecate, urinate,
or spit on living crops: a training to be observed.
75. Not being ill, I will not defecate, urinate, or spit in water: a training to be observed.
1. A verdict "in the presence of" should be given. This means that the formal act settling the issue must be carried out in the presence of the Community, in the presence of the individuals, and in the presence of the Dhamma and Vinaya.
2. A verdict of mindfulness may be given.
This is the verdict of innocence given in an accusation, based on the fact that
the accused remembers fully that he did not commit the offense in question.
3. A verdict of past insanity may be given.
This is another verdict of innocence given in an accusation, based on the fact
that the accused was out of his mind when he committed the offense in question
and so is absolved of any responsibility for it.
4. Acting in accordance with what is
admitted. This refers to the ordinary confession of offenses, where no
formal interrogation is involved. The confession is valid only if in accord
with the facts, e.g., a bhikkhu actually commits a pacittiya offense and then
confesses it as such, and not as a stronger or lesser offense. If he were to
confess it as a dukkata or a sanghadisesa, that would be invalid.
5. Acting in accordance with the majority.
This refers to cases in which bhikkhus are unable to settle a dispute
unanimously, even after all the proper procedures are followed, and -- in the
words of the Canon -- are "wounding one another with weapons of the tongue." In
cases such as these, decisions can be made by majority vote.
6. Acting in accordance with the accused's further misconduct. This refers to cases where a bhikkhu admits to having committed the offense in question only after being formally interrogated about it. He is then to be reproved for his actions, made to remember the offense and to confess it, after which the Community carries out a formal act of "further misconduct" against him as an added punishment for being so uncooperative as to require the formal interrogation in the first place.
7. Covering over as with grass. This refers to situations in which both sides of a dispute realize that, in the course of their dispute, they have done much that is unworthy of a contemplative. If they were to deal with one another for their offenses, the only result would be greater divisiveness. Thus if both sides agree, all the bhikkhus gather in one place. (According to the Commentary, this means that all bhikkhus in the sima must attend. No one should send his consent, and even sick bhikkhus must go.) A motion is made to the entire group that this procedure will be followed. One member of each side then makes a formal motion to the members of his faction that he will make a confession for them. When both sides are ready, the representative of each side addresses the entire group and makes the blanket confession, using the form of a motion and one announcement (natti-dutiya-kamma).
The Nazarenes of Mount Carmel
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